Vitalik: The PeerDAS implementation in the Fusaka upgrade will enable Ethereum sharding, focusing on optimizing PeerDAS stability over the next two years

Vitalik Buterin posted to celebrate the successful upgrade of Ethereum Fusaka, stating that the PeerDAS implementation in the Fusaka upgrade has achieved sharding and data availability sampling: this has been Ethereum's long-standing dream.

While a secondary increase in transaction scale has been achieved on Layer 2 by increasing blob capacity—according to recent analysis, L2 fees may decrease by 40-60%—Layer 1 remains constrained until zero-knowledge EVM matures, while also requiring distributed block construction and sharded memory pools. This marks a critical evolution in blockchain scalability, filling a decade-long roadmap gap since Ethereum's sharding vision in 2015, with the next two years focused on optimizing the stability of PeerDAS and expanding to L1 gas limits for broader throughput.