eip-8141

According to CoinDesk, Ethereum core developers have included EIP-8141 (Frame Transactions) in the 2027 Hegotá upgrade plan. During the core developer call on August 27, the proposal was marked as "Scheduled for Inclusion," meaning it will become part of the network update rather than just a candidate proposal. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, one of the ten authors of the proposal, stated on X on Sunday night that Frames have made significant progress in the past few months.Frames aim to address the issue where users hold stablecoins but cannot transfer them due to a lack of ETH. It splits transactions into independent steps such as authorization verification, fee payment, and instruction execution, allowing the sender and payer accounts to no longer have to be the same. For example, payment applications can cover fees themselves or settle ETH bills on behalf of users after collecting stablecoins, while the Ethereum network still prices in ETH, and users do not need to purchase ETH. Unlike existing wallet solutions that rely on third-party services, Frames will achieve this capability through the standard Ethereum transaction process.Additionally, Frames will bundle operations that need to be executed simultaneously, such as authorization and submission in token transactions, with authorization being revoked if the transaction fails; it also allows accounts to customize transaction approval rules, enabling the replacement of private keys or the adoption of quantum-resistant keys without needing to migrate funds to a new address. Currently, the specification is still a draft, and details may be adjusted before the Hegotá upgrade, with users unable to use Frames yet.

Vitalik recently updated EIP-8141 "Frame Transaction" proposal, with core improvements including atomic batch execution of up to 64 operations, social recovery (similar to Google account recovery, without the need for a mnemonic phrase), P256 quantum-resistant signatures, and the ability for anyone to pay gas fees for users, significantly enhancing the usability of Ethereum wallets.It is reported that the improvement proposal was co-authored by Vitalik, lightclient, and 10 other experts, and is planned to be included in the 2027 Hegotá upgrade, marking a significant native implementation of Ethereum account abstraction.

Vitalik Buterin stated that recent discussions around transaction formats, including EIP-8141, the "future state" proposal, UTXO, PBT, key-controlled randomness, and recursive STARK memory pools, have helped the Ethereum community better understand the concepts of "actions" and "dependencies" in transactions. Dependencies can be processed in parallel, and some dependencies that do not require state access can be validated at the memory pool layer, potentially further compressing execution and data costs through STARK.Vitalik believes that Ethereum's future scalability needs to strike a balance between a dynamically flexible execution model and a more easily statically analyzable constrained model, providing lower gas costs for transactions and state access that can be statically analyzed. If EIP-8141 is designed properly, it will not only be a milestone achievement in a decade of account abstraction work but also prepare for decentralized-friendly large-scale scalability in the coming years.

Vitalik posted on the X platform, stating that recent research on transaction formats has led to a clearer understanding of "actions" and "dependencies" in Ethereum transactions, both of which can be optimized separately; signatures, UTXO's Merkle proofs, and ZK-SNARK or STARK belong to dependencies, while the call to send ETH belongs to actions.Dependencies can be processed in parallel, with state-related dependencies handled by the memory pool, while pure dependencies can be processed once at the memory pool layer and may be replaced by STARK proofs, thereby reducing execution and data processing. Vitalik pointed out that Ethereum's current scaling strategy needs to clearly distinguish between dynamic flexibility and static analyzability, with the latter achieving lower Gas costs; based on transaction volume, over 90% of Ethereum activities do not require dynamic flexibility. The EIP-8141 transaction type is developing towards a universal and minimalist call list, with new state types, recursive STARK memory pools, and key-controlled nonces also belonging to this direction.

Ethereum developer nixo.eth revealed on the X platform that Ethereum core developers have decided to change the status of the account abstraction proposal EIP-8141 from "under consideration" to "scheduled," confirming that account abstraction will be promoted as a key feature of the Hegotá upgrade.This EIP was proposed in March as a flagship upgrade, and community consensus suggests that even though there are still controversies regarding the specific implementation, account abstraction should be launched in Hegotá. In recent weeks, another proposal, EIP-8130, has emerged as a competitor, planning to be deployed on Base in September, sparking discussions about avoiding a split in account abstraction standards between L1 and L2. The authors of both EIPs and core developers are working hard to reach a unified solution without delaying the upgrade. The status change means that this feature has officially entered the planning for the Hegotá upgrade, but the specific specifications may undergo significant changes, and it is common for implementation plans to change before the official launch.

Ethereum Foundation researcher ladislaus.eth disclosed that the Ethereum core developer meeting (AllCoreDevs) plans to make a decision this Thursday on whether to include EIP-8141 in the Hegota upgrade.The core of EIP-8141 is to decouple accounts from fixed signature schemes, providing a native path for migration to post-quantum secure signature schemes. ladislaus.eth pointed out that if the consensus layer (leanCL) already possesses post-quantum security, but user transactions on the execution layer still rely on ECDSA signatures that have quantum vulnerabilities, then the overall migration is not complete; both layers need to have post-quantum readiness.In addition, EIP-8141 will also support account abstraction as a native feature of the protocol and support programmable Gas payments (including payments with ERC-20 tokens and transaction sponsorship). Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin added that EIP-8141 will also provide better native support for privacy protocols and draw a comparison with the general programmability of the EVM—this proposal will introduce programmability into the verification phase, which previously only hardcoded ECDSA.

Vitalik posted on the X platform stating that Ethereum has been discussing account abstraction (AA) since early 2016. Now, EIP-8141 serves as a comprehensive proposal aimed at addressing all remaining issues related to AA. The core concept of this proposal is "frame transactions," where a transaction contains N calls that can read each other's call data and can authorize the sender and gas payer.This mechanism supports various use cases: ordinary account transactions (such as multi-signature, variable keys, quantum-resistant signature schemes) are completed through validating frames and executing frames; when paying gas fees with non-ETH tokens, it can be achieved through the main contract without any intermediaries.In terms of privacy protocols, ZK-SNARK verification or the addition of two-dimensional randomness can be implemented through payment contracts. Regarding security, on-chain transactions are only valid when the validating frame returns an ACCEPT with a gas payment flag, while the memory pool layer will initially adopt conservative rules, gradually expanding later.EIP-8141 is highly complementary to FOCIL, with FOCIL ensuring quick transaction inclusion and AA ensuring that complex operations can be executed as first-class transactions directly. The proposal is also discussing EOA compatibility, which is theoretically feasible. After more than a decade of research, these technologies are expected to be implemented within a year through the Hegota fork.

According to CoinDesk, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has released a long-term roadmap aimed at addressing the potential threats to network security posed by future quantum computing through changes in signature and data schemes.The roadmap indicates that Ethereum faces risks of being compromised by quantum computing in consensus validator signatures (currently BLS), data availability schemes (which rely on KZG commitments), daily wallet transaction signatures, and certain zero-knowledge proofs. Buterin suggests that validators switch to hash signatures that are more resistant to quantum attacks, and centers around proposal EIP-8141 to pave the way for the transition of account signature algorithms and "Validation Frames," thereby supporting quantum-safe signatures and proofs while reducing on-chain verification costs.

Vitalik Buterin posted on the X platform, stating that there is an important synergy between the FOCIL mechanism and the account abstraction proposal Ethereum's EIP-8141 (based on 7701). EIP-8141 elevates smart accounts (including multi-signature, quantum-resistant signatures, key changes, Gas sponsorship, etc.) to "first-class citizens," meaning that operations from these accounts can be directly packaged as on-chain transactions without additional encapsulation.At the same time, privacy protocols can achieve a multi-tenant account model through the paymaster or 2D nonce mechanism, thereby gaining the same level of native support. FOCIL provides a censorship-resistant fast transaction inclusion mechanism. With the combination of both, various transactions, including smart wallet transactions, Gas sponsorship transactions, and privacy protocol transactions, can be included in blocks by one of the 17 roles (proposers or inclusions) randomly selected for each time slot.Vitalik stated that this design can ensure that transactions are almost guaranteed to be completed on-chain within 1-2 time slots in adversarial environments. In the current version, each FOCIL volume is approximately 8kB, which is relatively small, but there is a path for future expansion that could support most transactions in a block entering through the FOCIL channel. This architecture is similar in characteristics to the multi-parallel proposer (MCP) design, but differs in that FOCIL does not control the "last look" related to MEV, which is still allocated through the ePBS auction mechanism.Vitalik emphasized that even if 100% of block time slots are monopolized by adversarial parties through the proposer-builder separation (PBS) mechanism, refusing to connect to the public mempool or discriminating against specific applications, FOCIL can still ensure that all transactions receive fast inclusion. Although this design does not eliminate the centralization risk of the proposer role, it significantly weakens its power. Under the EIP-8141 framework, transactions from smart wallets or privacy protocols can be directly received by FOCIL inclusions through the public mempool without additional intermediaries or encapsulation processes.Vitalik concluded that Ethereum is accelerating the advancement of core architecture upgrades.