forks

Polygon Labs disclosed that it has fixed a batch of security vulnerabilities in its proof-of-stake network through two hard forks, with the related fixes privately deployed before public disclosure. According to a forum post released on Wednesday, the team packaged the fixes into the Austin hard fork of the Bor client and the Kyoto hard fork of the Heimdall client, both of which followed the standard process for fixing issues that affect consensus: first validated on the Amoy testnet, and then publicly disclosed once the mainnet was activated and the network was secure.The Austin fork fixed two denial-of-service paths in block processing, including a vulnerability where malicious block producers could crash peer nodes by filling them with oversized field data. The Kyoto fork addressed a broader range of consensus hardening issues, with the most severe vulnerability allowing an attacker to force the entire validator set to perform costly and coordinated work with just one crafted transaction—the cost of constructing the transaction is low, but the network processing cost is high. Polygon emphasized that none of the vulnerabilities were observed to be exploited on the mainnet and have been proactively addressed. The two upgrades are now mandatory for node operators and have taken effect without the need for state migration or resynchronization.This disclosure comes at a critical transformation period for Polygon, which has completed the migration of the traditional MATIC token to POL as part of a comprehensive overhaul of its network architecture. The news did not boost the price of POL; according to CoinGecko data, POL traded at approximately $0.09983 on Sunday, down 2.3% in 24 hours, down about 6.8% over the past week, and down about 60.8% over the past year, with a market capitalization of approximately $1.07 billion.

According to CryptoSlate, Polygon Labs issued an urgent notice that Polygon PoS nodes remaining on the old versions of Bor or Heimdall have lost consensus after the activation of the Austin and Kyoto hard forks and need to upgrade to catch up with the network progress. Austin was activated at mainnet block 91,949,700, requiring Bor v2.1.0 or above; Kyoto was activated at height 51,533,000, requiring Heimdall v0.11.0 or above.Austin fixed two types of Bor resource exhaustion risks: L1 to L2 bridging state synchronization events not counted towards the gas limit could slow down block processing; the TxDependency field having no size limit could lead to peer node crashes. Kyoto addressed vulnerabilities such as deep nested message attacks, fee coin scanning, and checkpoint signature recovery. Both hard forks are pure binary upgrades, requiring no state migration, and non-forked nodes do not need to resynchronize. Operators of old clients should upgrade and restore synchronization under Polygon's guidance if necessary.

Bitcoin developer Kevin Loaec warned that if a Bitcoin fork related to the controversial proposal BIP-110 occurs this weekend, holders may face the risk of real BTC being transferred when selling forked chain tokens.The proposed Bitcoin fork is associated with the controversial BIP-110 proposal and may generate duplicate balances on two chains, leading holders to attempt to sell seemingly free forked coins.Since both chains initially accept the same transactions, selling forked coins could trigger a replay attack, simultaneously spending real Bitcoin from the seller's main chain. Developers stated that there is a lack of built-in replay protection at least until early September, and non-professional users should avoid transferring Bitcoin during the potential fork.

The founder of Slow Fog, Yu Xian, posted on the X platform: "I don't trust the stability or resilience of OpenClaw, but I am quite confident in Claude Code, as this is one of the core goals of software engineering. In terms of security emphasis, both companies place a high priority on security, and submitted vulnerabilities receive timely feedback. Some OpenClaw forks or reference versions show much less enthusiasm for security.In terms of security scenarios, although OpenClaw also has a Sandbox mechanism and attempts to design more granular permissions for tools, as its name 'OpenClaw' suggests, 'Open' is its greatest charm. A constrained OpenClaw is no longer OpenClaw. We hope for it to be free while also wanting it to be controllable, which is a point of contention for everyone. However, in a real production environment, an overly free OpenClaw can easily get out of control."

Ethereum Foundation researcher Justin Drake announced that the Ethereum Foundation has launched the "strawmap" roadmap, planning seven forks by the end of 2029.The roadmap includes five objectives: fast L1 finality, a "gigagas" L1 achieving 10k TPS through zkEVM, a "teragas" L2 enabled by data availability sampling, post-quantum cryptography, and native L1 privacy for shielding ETH transfers.

According to Cointelegraph, Ethereum will undergo several major upgrades in 2026, including the Glamsterdam and Heze-Bogota hard forks, aiming to achieve L1 scaling and further application of Web3 technologies.The Glamsterdam hard fork is expected to be launched in mid-2026, focusing on "block access lists" and "built-in proposer-builder separation" (ePBS). The former will enable perfect parallel processing, allowing Ethereum to shift from a single-channel model to a multi-channel model, significantly increasing transaction processing speed; the latter will help improve block generation efficiency and provide more time for the verification of zero-knowledge proofs. Additionally, the Gas limit for Ethereum in 2026 is expected to rise significantly from the current 60 million to 100 million or even 200 million, while the number of data blocks may increase to over 72 per block, further supporting L2 protocols to process hundreds of thousands of transactions per second. It is anticipated that 10% of Ethereum network validators will shift to validating zero-knowledge proofs, paving the way for L1 scaling to 10,000 transactions per second (TPS). The Heze-Bogota hard fork at the end of the year will also focus on enhancing privacy protection and censorship resistance, further optimizing the Ethereum ecosystem. Previously, Ethereum developers named the subsequent upgrade of Glamsterdam "Hegota."

The 17th major upgrade of Ethereum, "Fusaka," has officially activated on the mainnet at epoch 411392, just about 7 months after the Pectra upgrade in May. This upgrade not only brings multiple UX and scalability improvements but also marks Ethereum's formal entry into an accelerated development rhythm of "two hard forks a year." Consensys stated that Ethereum researchers will aim for two upgrades per year in the future.Since the Merge in 2022, Ethereum has typically undergone only one major update per year, namely Shapella (2023), Dencun (2024), and Pectra (2025). Fusaka introduces several key technical changes, including a new sampling technique "PeerDAS" that affects data availability and pricing. This upgrade includes a total of 9 core EIPs and 4 accompanying EIPs, making it one of the largest upgrades in Ethereum's history by certain statistical standards.

ChainCatcher news, Ethereum core developer Tim Beiko has proposed improvements to the Ethereum governance process, focusing on optimizing the selection of hard fork "Headliner" features.The proposal includes: clarifying fork goals, limiting each layer to one flagship feature, adopting a "barbell" strategy to enhance community feedback, formalizing working groups, and documenting the governance process. This move aims to enhance transparency and decision legitimacy while maintaining Ethereum's community-driven characteristics.

ChainCatcher news, according to the official announcement, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Neutron (NTRN) and Polygon (POL), aiming to provide users with a quality experience. Specifically:Neutron (NTRN) will undergo a network upgrade at block height 19,947,000 (expected on February 12, 2025, at 22:00 UTC+8). Binance expects to suspend token deposits and withdrawals for Neutron (NTRN) at 21:00 UTC+8 on February 12, 2025;Polygon (POL) will undergo a network upgrade and hard fork at block height 22,393,043 (expected on February 13, 2025, at 18:00 UTC+8). Binance expects to suspend token deposits and withdrawals for Polygon (POL) at 17:00 UTC+8 on February 13, 2025.

ChainCatcher news, according to official sources, Cardano (ADA) is expected to undergo a network upgrade and hard fork on September 2, 2024, at 05:45 (UTC+8). Binance is expected to suspend token deposits and withdrawals for Cardano (ADA) one hour in advance, at 04:45 (UTC+8) on September 2, 2024, to support its network upgrade and hard fork.

ChainCatcher news, according to the official announcement, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Cosmos (ATOM) and Kadena (KDA).The Cosmos (ATOM) project team will conduct a network upgrade at block height 21,835,200. Binance expects to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for the Cosmos (ATOM) network on August 21, 2024, at 21:30 (UTC+8);The Kadena (KDA) project team will conduct a network upgrade and hard fork at block height 5,060,924. Binance expects to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for the Kadena (KDA) network on August 22, 2024, at 07:00 (UTC+8).

ChainCatcher news, according to Binance's announcement, Binance will support the network upgrade and hard fork of Shentu (CTK) and Rootstock Infrastructure Framework (RIF). The Shentu (CTK) project team will conduct the network upgrade and hard fork at block height 19,525,000 (expected to be on July 23, 2024, at 18:00 Beijing time). Binance expects to suspend the token recharge and withdrawal services for Shentu (CTK) network at 17:00 on July 23, 2024.The Rootstock Infrastructure Framework (RIF) project team will conduct the network upgrade and hard fork at block height 6,549,300 (expected to be on July 24, 2024, at 18:00 Beijing time). Binance expects to suspend the token recharge and withdrawal services for Rootstock Infrastructure Framework (RIF) network at 17:00 on July 24, 2024.

ChainCatcher message, Binance announced that it will support the Sei (SEI) and Harmony (ONE) network upgrades and hard forks to ensure the best user experience.The Sei (SEI) network upgrade will take place at block height 84,006,014, approximately on June 19 at 16:00 (UTC). Binance will suspend deposits and withdrawals of tokens on the Sei (SEI) network starting from June 19 at 15:00 (UTC).The Harmony (ONE) network upgrade and hard fork will occur at block height 59,080,704 (around June 20 at 00:07). Binance will suspend deposits and withdrawals of tokens on the Harmony (ONE) network starting around June 19 at 23:07.

ChainCatcher news, according to the official announcement, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Sei (SEI) and Kadena (KDA).The Sei (SEI) project team will conduct a network upgrade at block height 79,123,881 (expected to be on May 27, 2024, at 23:00 UTC+8). Binance is expected to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for Sei (SEI) at 22:00 UTC+8 on May 27, 2024;The Kadena (KDA) project team will conduct a network upgrade and hard fork at block height 4,819,246 (expected to be on May 30, 2024, at 08:00 UTC+8). Binance is expected to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for Kadena (KDA) at 07:00 UTC+8 on May 30, 2024.

ChainCatcher news, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Polygon (MATIC) and Cosmos (ATOM). This move aims to provide users with a quality experience.The Polygon (MATIC) project team will conduct a network upgrade and hard fork at block height 54,876,000 (expected on March 20, 2024, at 14:00 UTC+8). Binance expects to suspend token deposits and withdrawals for the Polygon (MATIC) network at 13:00 UTC+8 on March 20, 2024;The Cosmos (ATOM) project team will conduct a network upgrade at block height 19,639,600 (expected on March 20, 2024, at 18:27 UTC+8). Binance expects to suspend token deposits and withdrawals for the Cosmos (ATOM) network at 17:30 UTC+8 on March 20, 2024.

ChainCatcher news, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Optimism (OP) and Arbitrum (ARB). This move aims to provide users with a high-quality experience.The Optimism (OP) project team will conduct a network upgrade and hard fork at block height 1,710,374,401 (expected to be at 08:00 on March 14, 2024, UTC+8). Binance is expected to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for the Optimism (OP) network at 07:00 on March 14, 2024, UTC+8;The Arbitrum (ARB) project team is expected to conduct a network upgrade and hard fork at 17:00 on March 14, 2024, UTC+8. Binance is expected to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for the Arbitrum (ARB) network at 16:00 on March 14, 2024, UTC+8.

ChainCatcher message, to provide a high-quality user experience, Binance will support the network upgrades and hard forks of Zilliqa (ZIL) and Sei (SEI).Zilliqa (ZIL) will undergo a network upgrade and hard fork on January 3, 2024, at 17:00 (UTC+8). Binance expects to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for Zilliqa (ZIL) at 16:00 (UTC+8) on January 3, 2024;Sei (SEI) will undergo a network upgrade at block height 49,519,931 (expected at 01:00 UTC+8 on January 4, 2024). Binance expects to suspend the token deposit and withdrawal services for Sei (SEI) at 00:00 (UTC+8) on January 4, 2024.