A Detailed Explanation of the Web3 Operating Protocol dappOS
dappOS is an operating protocol designed to lower the barriers to interacting with crypto infrastructure, such as public chains and cross-chain bridges.Author: AvatarDAO
Original Title: “Web3's Android Operating System - dappOS”
Bringing You into DApps with Web2 Experience
To onboard the next billion users to Web3, user experience is really important.
Currently, compared to Web2 accounts, Web3 accounts require a confusing mnemonic phrase (a unique password for verifying and encrypting wallet/account access, usually consisting of 16 to 20 random English words).
Web3 accounts cannot be reset. This leads to two additional problems. When users forget their mnemonic phrase, the account will be permanently lost. When users suspect a private key leak, they must manually manage every asset/data across all DApps.
Due to the fragmentation of Web3, assets and data are often sparsely distributed across different chains. This is also very inconvenient compared to CEX (centralized exchanges).
Another issue is the complex workflows , most DApps are difficult to use. Taking liquidity mining as an example, new users need to go through a long process involving about 5 contract interactions (approving token A/B, adding liquidity, approving LP tokens, depositing).
The situation becomes even more complicated when using DApps across different chains. A large number of tutorials have been created to complete these complex workflows, significantly increasing the barrier for users to use DApps. Therefore, it is particularly important to lower the barrier for users to enter Web3, marking the development of the entire industry ecosystem.
In early December, dappOS was selected into the fifth season of the Binance Labs incubation program as the first operating protocol for Web3. dappOS was recognized by Binance for simplifying the workflow of crypto infrastructure, and Binance Labs chose dappOS because it has a unique mission to open the Web3 space to all Web2 users. This simplified operation is crucial for expanding the Web3 user base from millions to billions.
Establishing a middle layer between crypto infrastructures to solve these two problems. Users only need to interact with dappOS, which will help users interact with crypto infrastructures and automatically execute workflows.
Next, let's analyze dappOS:
Project Introduction
dappOS is an operating protocol designed to lower the barriers to interacting with crypto infrastructures (such as public chains and cross-chain bridges). The protocol will make the experience of using DApps as user-friendly as using commonly used apps.
dappOS creates a universal platform to connect technologies between different blockchains, providing a better experience for developers and users in the Web3 world.
Technical Solution
dappOS V1 mainly consists of two parts:
dappOS Account: An implementation of account abstraction (virtual wallet) that enables automatic workflow execution and flexible recovery methods.
dappOS Network: A decentralized network that helps users use their dappOS accounts.
Users create orders by signing to confirm the entire workflow, including on-chain interactions across one or more chains, cross-chain assets, and fees for using the dappOS network.
DApps send orders to the dappOS network via JSON-RPC.
The dappOS network delegates the order to one of its permissionless nodes and ensures that the order is executed properly; otherwise, the node will compensate the user for their losses.
Motivated by rewards, the selected node will execute the entire workflow, including cross-chain assets and on-chain transactions (from the user's virtual wallet to the DApp contract).
dappOS Account: In dappOS, users use contract-based accounts instead of regular EOAs (Externally Owned Accounts). These contracts are referred to as virtual wallets.
Virtual wallets support flexible recovery methods to reset their management control. Therefore, Web2 users can use and reset these wallets without traditional mnemonic phrases.
Using contract-based wallets, third-party nodes can also help users interact with public chains. As long as accepted by the node, users can pay gas fees with any asset. At the same time, these wallets will support batch processing without deploying new contracts.
When users interact with a new chain for the first time, dappOS will automatically create a virtual wallet for them. The virtual wallet is unique for different users on different chains.
dappOS Network: The dappOS Network aims to provide a seamless user experience for using dappOS accounts across different chains. To meet the requirements of running current DApps and provide the best user experience, the network offers the following two basic services:
Cross-chain assets. In most cases, fees should be slightly higher than gas fees, and the time should only be slightly longer than a transaction on the source chain plus a transaction on the target chain.
Executing on-chain transactions from virtual wallets. Users should be allowed to pay gas fees with tokens from different chains, assets in CEX, or even fiat currency.
There are two types of nodes in the dappOS network: super nodes and server nodes. Super nodes delegate commands and penalize server nodes for misconduct. Server nodes accept commands from super nodes and earn profits by executing them.
The workflow of orders is shown in the diagram below.
Product Introduction
The dappOS product is divided into To B + To C, so the functional implementation will also be distinguished.
To B level, mainly aimed at DApp developers and teams:
One-click multi-chain deployment for DApps: dappOS has its own front-end SDK, allowing any DApp developer to integrate through the SDK without redeploying on other public chains.
Reducing interactions between DApps and public chains: Once user demands are raised, dappOS will assist applications in interacting with public chains.
Developing other application services: After SDK integration, DApp developers can develop other functions based on the service system, such as linking with Web2 social applications.
Advertising and marketing: In the integrated platform of the system, corresponding functions can be utilized for advertising and marketing to gain traffic and users from other ecosystems and applications within the platform.
To C level, there are the following points:
Virtual wallets: Users' virtual wallets are automatically created when switching ecosystems, with no mnemonic phrases, and accounts are unified, eliminating the complexity of managing multiple accounts.
Wallet accounts can be recovered: Accounts can be reset through other devices or third-party KYC services;
One-click completion of complex operations like cross-chain: Users only need to initiate a request, and the system will handle it automatically. For example, a user with ETH assets needing to pay BSC while experiencing a BSC application does not need to transfer or exchange assets; they can directly initiate a request, and dappOS will help the user extract an equivalent amount of BSC assets from ETH and perform cross-chain exchange, requiring only user confirmation of the feedback result and approval.
Freedom of gas fee types: With node support, any asset from any public chain in the account can serve as gas fees.
Supporting cross-chain and cross-currency merged payments of assets within accounts: For example, when a user pays a fee of 1 ETH, if the account has 0.8 ETH, the system can automatically pull 0.2 ETH worth of other currency assets from other chains for merged payment, requiring only user approval to execute.
Currently, dappOS has the following cooperative cases:
Perpetual: https://perp.dappos.org/
Benqi: https://benqi.dappos.finance
Quickswap: https://quickswap.dappos.finance/farms
To better understand the role of dappOS, let's take Perpetual as an example to compare the differences before and after user usage:
It simplifies various user operation steps and saves time. The official statement indicates that the currently supported currencies and public chains in the experimental version are limited, and more will be gradually added.
In terms of security, dappOS adopts a margin method. Each time a transaction occurs, the responsible node will lock assets exceeding the user's transaction asset amount, ensuring that users receive effective compensation if there are any issues with the transaction.
In Web3, although the current number of DApps is still very small compared to Web2, it is overwhelming for the current limited crypto user base. Through dappOS, management of DApps can be achieved conveniently and quickly. Additionally, simple operations can attract more new users entering the crypto world, serving as a springboard for user conversion. The design concept and mechanism of dappOS also provide a new approach for crypto developers to attract and retain users, making it a feasible solution for converting a large number of Web2 users.
Social Media
Twitter followers: 36.3K, with over 100 tweets, overall interaction is quite good;
Discord members: 43K, with over 6K online members, the overall activity level in the English community is very high.
From the current situation on social media, the product operation is performing well, and a good community atmosphere is very important in the early stages of the project.
Project NFT
Recently, the official released the first NFT series - baby Dappalien, which is used to reward community members who actively participate in project building. In the currently announced gameplay, in addition to Dappalien baby, there are five levels: Student, Worker, Achiever, High-Flyer, and Legend. Holding a baby and completing corresponding tasks will upgrade to different levels. Brave souls who have experienced the five stages of Dappalien's earthly existence will have the opportunity to evolve into Legend Dappalien. Holders of different levels of the Dappalien NFT series will be eligible for future airdrops and other benefits. There may be a small easter egg here, possibly NFT holders will airdrop future project tokens? Worth looking forward to.
NFT acquisition methods are available on the GALEX platform, and you can follow the official Twitter for specific related information.
Development Roadmap
EVM contract V1 and network infrastructure (super nodes/server nodes) will be fully decentralized in three stages;
Stage 1 Centralized Super Nodes and Server Nodes (2022 Q3) Completed
Mainly used for small-scale testing, contract debugging, and demand validation.
Main functions: 1. Account abstraction 2. Cross-chain funds 3. Service nodes
Stage 2 Centralized Super Nodes and Decentralized Server Nodes (2022 Q4 - 2023 Q1)
Entering the market as soon as possible and scaling up. During this period, the system will be frequently updated, and the scale of single transactions will be limited.
Main functions:
Support transactions involving multiple currencies.
Server nodes support various methods (e.g., CEX) to bridge assets.
Participation ranking mechanism for some functions of service nodes.
Charging quotation mechanism.
Deposit, penalty, and ranking mechanism for server nodes.
Stage 3 Decentralized Super Nodes and Server Nodes (2023 Q2 - 2023 Q3)
Highly decentralized and stable execution of large-scale transactions.
Main functions: 1. Network construction of super nodes. 2. Issuing tokens and implementing economic models.
Current Progress and Cooperation
Currently, the first phase SDK of dappOS has been basically developed and is gradually undergoing product trials. Multiple DApps have already been integrated for testing, and cooperation intentions have been reached with over 50 communities. Current partners include Polygon, IoTeX, Nervos, Fortube, Perpetual, Alchemy Pay, etc.
Additionally, as a project incubated by Binance Labs, there is also the potential for more possibilities through collaboration with Binance.
Next, according to the established roadmap, the Host Network testnet will be launched, along with the mainnet. Integration of most top DApps in the industry and cooperation with more projects will be pursued. After launching the mini-program platform, token issuance will take place.
Competitive Analysis
In terms of simplifying operations, the crypto field has been evolving in this direction, including the development of cross-chain, wallets, etc., all of which are manifestations of this trend. The ultimate goal of these actions is also to attract more users to join, expand the user base of Web3.0, and increase the scale of blockchain adoption. We have conducted a competitive comparison of dappOS's products at different stages to showcase its characteristics and advantages.
In summary, dappOS has an advantage in the free integration of DApps, without the restrictions of public chain ecosystems, making it more friendly for developers. Additionally, in terms of user operations, it is simpler while ensuring security, making it very user-friendly. Web3.0 is still in a very early stage, and dappOS will provide an easy path for more Web2.0 users to enter Web3.0.
Future Outlook
The development and evolution of Web3.0 is complex and lengthy, and the number of users will experience a long period of continuous growth and accumulation. Continuous development is needed to open the door of Web3 to Web2 users, witnessing and participating in this huge ecological development together. We look forward to dappOS contributing to the development of Web3 through technological improvements, product optimization, and a focus on user experience, allowing us to see significant user growth.
Note: The above content analysis is for reference only and should not be used as a basis for any investment decisions.
