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da

DA in the field of encryption usually refers to "Data Availability." It is a key concept in blockchain technology, involving ensuring that on-chain data can be accessed and verified when necessary. Data availability issues are particularly important in blockchain scalability, as they affect the security and decentralization of the blockchain. Solutions to data availability problems include techniques such as data sharding and the use of data availability proofs.
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The seven sisters of the U.S. stock market evaporated about 1.04 trillion U.S. dollars in a single day, and the cloud giants experienced negative cash flow

After the U.S. midterm elections, concerns about tightening AI regulations and slowing data center construction have intensified, leading to a significant sell-off in U.S. tech stocks. On November 5, the "Seven Sisters" of U.S. stocks lost approximately $1.04 trillion in market value in a single day, with Nvidia dropping 9.26%, resulting in a loss of over $440 billion in market value, which is 2 to 4 times the decline of core clients like Microsoft, Google, and Amazon.The financial pressure on AI infrastructure investment is increasing. In the third quarter of this year, the combined operating cash flow of Microsoft, Google, Amazon, and Meta was no longer sufficient to cover fixed asset expenditures, with a funding gap of about $26.4 billion, whereas a year ago, the four companies still had a cash flow surplus of about $61.7 billion. Amazon's free cash flow turned from $14.8 billion in the past 12 months to a net outflow of $42.4 billion, while Meta's free cash flow turned negative for the first time in over a decade, and Google's long-term debt increased from about $20 billion to $125 billion.On Election Day, out of 41 local propositions related to data centers in 10 U.S. states, 40 of the voting results leaned towards restricting development, with 27 restrictive or oppositional propositions being passed. Research firm SemiAnalysis predicts that the impact of related policy changes on projects already underway by 2027 will be limited, but it may affect computing power expansion plans for 2028 and beyond. More than 90% of Nvidia's revenue comes from data center business; during the same period, Google Cloud's operating profit in the third quarter reached three times that of the same period last year, AWS's operating profit increased from $11.4 billion to $17.8 billion, and Microsoft Azure's revenue grew by 48%.

Microsoft reduced spending by approximately $5 billion due to delays in data centers, while AMD raised its revenue forecast

According to a report by The Information, Microsoft has reduced its capital expenditures for the third quarter by about $5 billion due to delays in the third-party data center it plans to lease. Sources say that the data center project by Iren located in Childress, Texas, has encountered delays, leading Microsoft to postpone some expenditures. Microsoft had previously announced plans to invest $9.7 billion over five years to lease servers equipped with NVIDIA GPUs from Iren.Power supply and grid access have also become bottlenecks for computing power delivery. Last month, Microsoft withdrew from a plan to lease a data center project in the UK from Nscale due to delays in grid access. As self-built data centers struggle to meet demand in a timely manner, Microsoft is simultaneously leasing computing power from multiple cloud service providers.Meanwhile, AI server supplier Supermicro continues to raise its performance expectations. The company's revenue for the first fiscal quarter reached $19.95 billion, exceeding analysts' expectations of $16.39 billion, and it expects revenue for the second fiscal quarter to be between $19.5 billion and $21.5 billion. The revenue forecast for fiscal year 2027 has also been raised from $65 billion to $72 billion to $72 billion to $82 billion. Bernstein pointed out that assessing AI computing power demand cannot simply rely on contract amounts or megawatt scale; it also needs to consider contract cancelability, duration, and actual deployment time; some projects may be delivered in phases, and chip procurement agreements may correspond to the same batch of computing power as data center leasing contracts.

Goldman Sachs: Upgrades the forecast for U.S. data center construction spending, expected to reach 125 billion dollars by 2028

Despite the panic in the market caused by stricter regulations on data centers after the Democratic Party gained control of Congress, Goldman Sachs has raised its forecast for U.S. data center construction spending, increasing the 2026 expectation from $67 billion to $80 billion, and from $87 billion in 2027 to $100 billion, while also predicting for the first time that it will reach $125 billion in 2028.Goldman Sachs pointed out that there are currently about 86 GW of data center projects under construction in the U.S., with approximately $900 billion in high-confidence projects awaiting construction, indicating that the overall construction cycle remains resilient. The demand and backlog orders from hyperscale cloud service providers such as Microsoft, Amazon, and Google have not shown significant cooling, with H100 computing power rental prices rising 26% year-on-year and GB200 rental prices increasing by 50% since the beginning of the year.In response to the data center moratorium proposed by Texas Governor-elect Gina Hinojosa, Goldman Sachs believes that its impact is more about delaying project delivery rather than directly canceling construction plans, but it may lead to increased financing costs, reduced tax incentives, and some clients canceling contracts. Goldman Sachs also warned that the overall growth prospects of the industry need to be distinguished from the survival capabilities of individual developers, as highly leveraged data center developers may face severe financial pressure due to project delays and rising financing costs, with some companies potentially unable to last until their projects go into production.
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