quantum

Starknet announced that it has completed the quantum-resistant signature transfer test, where a wallet account using a quantum-resistant signature mechanism completed a real transfer on the Starknet mainnet, with a transaction fee of about 6 cents, and can be queried through the block explorer. This account is currently an experimental, unaudited version, mainly used for research testing. StarkWare stated that this transfer benefits from the design of the Starknet account model.Unlike most blockchains that fix the signature algorithm at the protocol layer, each account on Starknet is a smart contract that can autonomously define the accepted signature schemes, allowing users to upgrade their wallets from traditional elliptic curve signatures to quantum-resistant signatures without hard forks, asset migrations, or changing addresses. StarkWare pointed out that most blockchains face quantum computing risks because wallet signatures and underlying verification systems rely on elliptic curve cryptography. Once large-scale quantum computers appear, running Shor's algorithm could potentially break the related encryption systems. Currently, the Starknet ecosystem supports a quantum-resistant signature scheme based on Falcon-512, which is part of the NIST post-quantum cryptography standardization process, with relevant implementations promoted by ecosystem teams and organizations such as OpenZeppelin.

Former hedge fund manager and CNBC host Jim Cramer stated that due to concerns about quantum computing threatening Bitcoin's security, he plans to sell all of his BTC holdings. His statement stems from an interview with IBM Chairman and CEO Arvind Krishna, who said that investors should be wary of the challenges quantum computing may pose to modern cryptography in the next 3 to 4 years. Cramer believes that quantum computing could threaten the Bitcoin network in a similar timeframe. However, no one has independently confirmed how much BTC he holds or whether he has completed the sale.After his statement, Bitcoin continued to trade normally around $63,764, with some market participants viewing his comments as a "reverse Cramer" signal. Bitcoin uses the ECDSA signature mechanism based on the secp256k1 curve, and theoretically, a sufficiently powerful quantum computer could use Shor's algorithm to derive the private key from the public key. The risk is mainly concentrated on addresses with exposed public keys, including reused addresses, early wallet formats, and the brief time window after a transaction is broadcast but not yet confirmed. Researchers estimate that about 6 to 7 million BTC, accounting for approximately 30% of the supply, may fall into this category. Google Quantum AI estimated in March this year that breaking the relevant cryptographic mechanisms could require fewer than 500,000 physical qubits, reducing the previous estimate by about 20 times. However, current quantum systems typically only have hundreds to thousands of physical qubits, with even fewer logical qubits that have higher reliability. Most researchers expect that truly capable quantum computers for cryptographic breaking may not appear until the 2030s or even 2040s, making Cramer's 3-year prediction significantly earlier than most technological expectations.

According to BBX data, global listed companies disclosed the latest real accounts on crypto asset portfolio adjustments, liquidation stop-losses, and strategic positions over the weekend. The core dynamics are as follows:Trump Media transfers 2,628 BTC at a huge loss to the exchange: Trump Media (NASDAQ: $DJT) transferred its 2,628 BTC (worth approximately $165 million) to the Crypto.com exchange on Saturday (August 1), with market expectations that it will further liquidate. The company purchased 11,542 BTC at an average price of $118,529 last year and has sold a total of 7,281 BTC this year (average price of about $74,860), realizing a loss of $318 million; it currently holds 4,261 BTC (with an unrealized loss of $237 million), bringing the total cumulative loss/unrealized loss to as high as $555 million.Quantum Solutions sells 1,000 ETH to fund AI data center: The Tokyo Stock Exchange listed company Quantum Solutions (TYO: 2338) sold 1,000 ETH at a price of $1,903 each on July 30, raising $1.9 million to fund its AI data center business, expecting to recognize a loss of about $100,000. Together with the 904 ETH sold in June, the company's holdings have decreased by 29% to 4,764.8 ETH. The board has raised the sale limit from 1,875 ETH to 4,375 ETH, and if the limit is reached, it will dispose of about 66% of its initial holdings.Japanese listed company Eole purchases HYPE to create a crypto bank: Japanese listed company Eole disclosed that it bought 1,078.25 HYPE (average price of $57.15, worth about $66,000) on July 28. The company plans to increase its total investment in HYPE to $611,000 through multiple purchases by the end of August and will hold it as a strategic treasury asset under the "Neo Crypto Bank" plan, alongside Bitcoin for the long term.

According to official news, OpenAI has released research results stating that its next-generation AI model Astra has made progress in the fields of mathematics and theoretical computer science, involving areas such as high-dimensional geometry, coding theory, group theory, quantum complexity, post-quantum cryptography, and extremal combinatorial mathematics. The 10 published results include: the high-dimensional sphere packing problem, binary and spherical coding problems, non-sofic group problems, Connes rigidity conjecture, arithmetic circuit complexity problems, quantum parallel repetition problems, nearest vector problems, Ehrhart volume conjecture, multi-color Ramsey number problems, and extremal graph theory conjectures.It is reported that these results were derived using an internal version of the Astra model, with the computational cost of finding solutions amounting to approximately $2000 (calculated based on Sol API prices).Subsequently, human researchers used the same model to assist in compiling the results into a paper and generated verifiable proof certificates through the Lean formal proof system.

According to Forbes, Vaulted CEO David McAlvany stated that he believes Bitcoin could disappear within the next four years due to quantum computing. He mentioned that once quantum computers can quickly solve the mathematical problems protecting Bitcoin private keys, "that will be the end of Bitcoin."However, McAlvany later admitted that he cannot determine whether the relevant breakthrough will occur in four years, five years, or two months. As of mid-2026, there are no quantum computers capable of cracking Bitcoin's encryption algorithms. His viewpoint is mainly based on concerns about the future development speed of quantum computing, rather than on already occurred security events.Galaxy Digital estimates that approximately 7 million BTC addresses have exposed public keys on-chain, worth about $470 billion; Glassnode's estimate is 6.04 million, accounting for 30.2% of the Bitcoin supply. Exposing public keys does not equate to assets being stolen; only when quantum computers can reverse-engineer private keys from public keys might these addresses face actual theft risks.McAlvany also compared Bitcoin to gold and questioned whether Bitcoin could exist for 5,000 years. He expressed relative confidence that gold will still exist by then, but Bitcoin "might exist, or it might not."Bitcoin developers currently have differing opinions on solutions. BIP-360 proposes to add quantum-resistant address types; BIP-361 plans to phase out support for old-style signatures, with assets that do not migrate in time potentially being permanently frozen, including those believed to belong to Satoshi Nakamoto. Supporters argue that freezing assets is better than allowing quantum attackers to steal and sell them, while critics view it as confiscation.Companies like BOLTS Technologies and American Fortress are also developing cross-chain quantum-resistant solutions. American Fortress completed an $8 million seed round in May and claims its technology can protect assets without requiring users to migrate addresses, but the relevant technical papers have not yet been published, and the design has not undergone public auditing.

According to BBX data, yesterday global listed companies disclosed the latest real announcements regarding adjustments in cryptocurrency assets and business payment applications, with the following core dynamics:Hyperscale Data monetizes 100 BTC to build an AI data center: U.S. listed company Hyperscale Data, Inc. (NYSE American: $GPUS) announced the sale of 100 bitcoins to fund the construction of its AI data center located in Michigan. The company's CEO William Horne stated that this move is "converting one balance sheet asset into another," and clarified that the company's underlying belief in bitcoin has not changed.Quantum Solutions sells 1,000 ETH to inject into AIDC business: Japanese listed company Quantum Solutions announced that it sold 1,000 ETH through its merged subsidiary GPT Pals Studio Limited (GPT) for $1.9 million (approximately 311 million yen). The proceeds from the sale will be fully invested in the expansion of artificial intelligence infrastructure (AIDC) and data center business.Vida Global seamlessly accesses bitcoin payroll through the Lightning Network: U.S. listed company Vida Global (NYSE American: $VIDA) announced the adoption of Voltage Credit to pay its global team members in bitcoin via the Lightning Network. This mechanism utilizes a revolving credit line to instantly issue bitcoin and repays the balance in U.S. dollars at the end of each month, similar to processing standard vendor invoices, allowing the company to establish a cryptocurrency payroll settlement channel without directly holding a bitcoin wallet or reflecting cryptocurrency assets on its balance sheet.

According to Nadal News, the Japanese listed company Quantum Solutions announced the sale of 1,000 ETH for $1.9 million (approximately 311 million yen) from its subsidiary GPT Pals Studio Limited (GPT). The proceeds from this sale will be used for its artificial intelligence infrastructure (AIDC) business, which includes artificial intelligence data centers.Since the fall of 2025, Quantum Solutions has been actively increasing its ETH holdings. As of June 4, 2026, its ETH holdings have reached 6,668.8, making it the company with the largest ETH holdings among Japanese listed companies. The company began selling ETH in June. This is their second sale, with a total of 1,904 ETH sold, reducing their holdings by approximately 29% from the peak to 4,764.8 ETH.

Anthropic announced that the Claude Mythos Preview model has made breakthroughs in cryptographic research, discovering improved attack methods against the post-quantum digital signature candidate HAWK. HAWK is a post-quantum signature candidate solicited by NIST to combat quantum computer attacks, which has already passed two rounds of expert review. However, Claude reduced the effective key strength of HAWK-256 from 2^64 to 2^38 in just 60 hours, significantly lowering the theoretical cost of cracking. HAWK has not yet been deployed in practice, and this attack currently does not affect any production systems.Claude also discovered an improved attack against 7-round AES, achieving a speed increase of 200 to 800 times. During the research process, Claude independently completed literature reviews, mathematical reasoning, and experimental validation with limited guidance from cryptographers. The HAWK attack took about 60 hours and had an API cost of approximately $100,000; the AES attack was completed independently by Claude, which generated about 1 billion tokens before proposing core innovative ideas. Anthropic researchers then spent hundreds of hours validating the results. Anthropic stated that AI models can now help identify significant flaws in cryptographic algorithms, and the cryptography community may face bottlenecks similar to those in the software vulnerability field—AI-generated research results far exceed human verification capabilities. Anthropic has collaborated with academic institutions to launch the CryptanalysisBench benchmark and coordinated disclosures with NIST authors and government partners. The research team has achieved preliminary results on algorithms such as LEA and Serpent-128. Anthropic warns that as AI capabilities improve, actual attacks against deployed systems may be discovered in the future, necessitating the establishment of response mechanisms in advance.

According to a report by Sifted, ETH Zurich spin-off startup ZuriQ announced the completion of a $25.5 million seed round financing.The company is dedicated to developing a new type of quantum chip architecture, which is said to have stronger scalability compared to existing solutions and is expected to accelerate the scaling process in the field of quantum computing.

NVIDIA released the open-source AI model NVIDIA Ising Calibration 1.5, designed for the automatic analysis of quantum processor (QPU) diagnostic data, and to autonomously determine device calibration schemes, achieving automation of the quantum computer calibration process. NVIDIA stated that Ising Calibration 1.5 is a visual language model (VLM) specifically designed for quantum computing calibration scenarios, capable of understanding experimental data from quantum chips and performing "zero-shot" analysis in the absence of historical cases, while also enabling context learning (ICL) with relevant experimental samples to help continuously optimize the operational state of quantum devices.In the QCalEval quantum calibration benchmark test, Ising Calibration 1.5 averaged about 10% ahead of similarly sized open-source models in zero-shot inference capability, and when using relevant experimental cases for context learning, it showed an approximately 86.5% performance improvement over the previous generation model, surpassing multiple open-source models and approaching the level of top closed-source large models. The model has 31 billion parameters and supports operation on NVIDIA Grace Blackwell and Vera Rubin data center GPUs. It also launched an NVFP4 quantized version, which can be deployed on a single consumer-grade GPU or NVIDIA DGX Spark, significantly lowering the usage threshold for quantum laboratories.NVIDIA claims that the training data for Ising Calibration 1.5 comes from various qubit architectures, including superconducting qubits, quantum dots, ions, neutral atoms, and helium surface electrons, providing calibration capabilities for different types of quantum computing devices. Industry experts believe that automated calibration is one of the key bottlenecks in the scalable development of quantum computing. NVIDIA's launch of this AI-driven quantum calibration tool signifies that AI models are beginning to extend from traditional computing domains into the quantum hardware control layer, potentially becoming an important component of the future quantum computing industry infrastructure.

Recently, global growth sectors have remained active in trading, with the semiconductor, quantum computing, and technology-themed ETF sectors performing well. Market funds continue to focus on high-growth assets. According to data from the Gate platform, AXTIG/USDT (AXT Semiconductor) is currently priced at $49.04, up 4.38% in 24 hours; QNTG/USDT (Quantinuum) is currently priced at $55.55, up 3.46% in 24 hours; SNXXG/USDT (SanDisk 2x Long ETF) is currently priced at $15.169, up 3.13% in 24 hours.Gate gStocks adopts a 1:1 fully-backed native stock reserve mechanism, where each tokenized security corresponds to an equal number of native stocks as underlying asset support, and supports 24/7 trading, unified account management, and a minimum investment of 1 USDT with fractional share trading.Users can participate more flexibly in global popular stock investments, achieving a one-stop allocation of digital assets and traditional securities. As the ecosystem of tokenized securities continues to enrich, Gate gStocks will continue to expand more quality stocks and ETF targets, providing users with a more diverse choice of global asset allocation.

According to The Block, Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson stated that quantum computing could pose a significant challenge to Bitcoin's governance capabilities. If the Bitcoin network cannot coordinate the necessary upgrades, BTC may lose its status as the largest cryptocurrency asset globally.Hoskinson mentioned that the problem with Bitcoin is that it is "frozen in time," making any changes very difficult. He believes that the early disappointment with Bitcoin's lack of flexibility was one of the reasons that led to the birth of Ethereum.

Nine financial institutions and Bitcoin companies announced the joint establishment of the Bitcoin Security Alliance, with founding members including Anchorage Digital, ARK Invest, BlackRock, Block, Blockstream, Coinbase, Fidelity, Galaxy, and Strategy, covering the entire chain of institutions such as custody, trading, infrastructure, payments, and asset management.The alliance commits to providing a total of $15 million in funding over the next three years to support developers and researchers in the field of Bitcoin security, including long-term work to prepare Bitcoin for the future era of quantum computing. Each member independently decides which developers, researchers, or organizations to direct their funding towards. The daily operations of the alliance are coordinated on a voluntary basis by Brink Executive Director Mike Schmidt, with Brink being a nonprofit organization that funds Bitcoin open-source developers.The alliance clearly states that it does not formulate or direct Bitcoin protocols, does not express opinions on specific protocol changes, and does not represent Bitcoin or its developers—Bitcoin development continues to be carried out by a globally decentralized community of contributors. Its positioning is to emulate the model of industry organizations that have long supported open-source software, providing resources and attention to developers without controlling the underlying work.Strategy CEO Phong Le stated, "As long-term holders, ensuring the security of Bitcoin for generations is our greatest incentive"; BlackRock's Global Head of Digital Assets Robert Mitchnick pointed out that the work of Bitcoin core developers is "extremely important," and this commitment will provide "significant additional funding" for Bitcoin's long-term security needs. The alliance will also serve as a reliable source of information for investors, the public, and the media in the field of Bitcoin security, with plans to publish and continuously update materials related to Bitcoin security in the coming months.

Cryptocurrency financial services company Galaxy Digital announced the establishment of a $5 million Bitcoin Quantum Readiness Initiative, funding developers to research solutions to address future quantum computing threats. The program is open for applications starting today, with funding directions including quantum-resistant signature algorithms, wallet migration tools, and security audits.Galaxy stated that it hopes to attract more institutions to jointly invest and research, accelerating Bitcoin's transition to quantum-resistant cryptography. According to CryptoQuant data, if future quantum computers have the capability to crack Bitcoin's existing cryptographic algorithms, approximately 6.9 million BTC (equivalent to about $46.1 billion at current prices) may face the risk of theft. Although the industry generally believes that quantum computing does not pose an immediate threat to the Bitcoin network, related preparations should be initiated as early as possible due to the need for long-term collaboration among developers, wallets, exchanges, and users for protocol upgrades.

According to Decrypt, Galaxy Digital has officially launched the "Bitcoin Quantum Readiness Program," which has three core pillars: providing up to $5 million in post-quantum cryptography research grants to developers, publishing special research reports through Galaxy Research, and establishing a quantum advisory committee composed of scholars from several top universities.The program aims at "Q-Day"—the critical moment when quantum computers use Shor's algorithm to break Bitcoin's elliptic curve encryption, forge signatures, and steal wallet assets. Project Eleven predicts that quantum computers capable of cryptographic threats may appear as early as 2030, at which point approximately 6.9 million BTC will be at risk of exposure.The Coinbase Quantum Advisory Committee has also called for developers to immediately begin migration efforts. Meanwhile, Trump has signed an executive order setting the deadline for the U.S. federal government to complete its post-quantum cryptography migration by December 2031.

Project Eleven has launched a new zero-knowledge proof system, providing a recovery method for the quantum-vulnerable Bitcoin proposed to be frozen under BIP-361, including the Bitcoin held by Satoshi Nakamoto.The solution leverages the property that quantum computers can break elliptic curve signatures but cannot break the one-way hash used in modern wallet key derivation, allowing the true owner holding the seed material to prove control. Benchmark tests show that the Project Eleven prototype is significantly faster than previous solutions, but the prototype has not yet been audited and is incomplete. It requires controversial modifications to blockchain rules before it can protect existing Bitcoin on the chain.

According to the official announcement from NEAR Chain Status, the NEAR mainnet version 2.13.0 has been released, introducing post-quantum transaction signature schemes and dynamic sharding features.Voting will begin at 8:00 AM Beijing time on July 20. Former NEAR core developer Vadim introduced that this upgrade includes features that would typically require a ten-year roadmap for most blockchains: the post-quantum signature ML-DSA-65 becomes the third key type in the protocol after ed25519 and secp256k1, allowing accounts to hold keys that cannot be forged by quantum computers, with only a 32-byte hash recorded on-chain; dynamic sharding enables the chain to automatically monitor the status and size of each shard and to split and re-shard at epoch boundaries without the need for protocol upgrades or manual intervention; Gas Keys provide critical functionality for the proxy economy, allowing a single account to run a batch of proxies to send transactions simultaneously without nonce conflicts.

According to PR Newswire, QIZ Security announced the completion of a $17 million seed round financing, led by Bessemer Venture Partners and Merlin Ventures, with participation from Evolution Equity Partners, Qbeat Ventures, Singtel Innov8, Qino Cyber Capital, and others.The company positions itself as a management platform for crypto assets and post-quantum cryptography (PQC), providing continuous crypto asset discovery, risk modeling, and governance, helping large clients in finance, telecommunications, healthcare, and critical infrastructure achieve "crypto agility" to address the risk of "Q-Day," when quantum computing capable of breaking existing encryption systems may emerge as early as 2029, and collaborates with Cisco, AWS, Google, CrowdStrike, Deloitte, EY, IBM, and others to promote enterprise quantum security migration planning.

According to The Block, the custody institution BitGo announced the launch of a new generation of quantum-safe tools for Bitcoin institutional wallets, helping institutions assess, manage, and reduce quantum-related risks associated with UTXO model wallets.BitGo stated that this solution introduces a new method for grouping and prioritizing UTXOs by address, based on its multi-signature architecture (a provisional patent application has been submitted), to reduce the risk of public key exposure from partially spent funds. This method does not cover address types that expose public keys from the outset (such as Taproot and Pay-to-Public-Key), and these addresses require separate security measures.

The TRON network's Nile testnet has officially launched the post-quantum signature feature following the proposal from Committee No. 20628, with FN_DSA_512 enabled on the Nile testnet. This marks a new advancement for TRON in the validation of quantum-resistant cryptography and the evolution of testnet functionalities.TRON welcomes developers to experience the new features on the Nile testnet and to conduct testing and validation in conjunction with the post-quantum signature usage guidelines. The official reminder states that the related features are currently only effective on the Nile testnet and have not yet been launched on the mainnet.