signatures

LayerZero Labs, in collaboration with the a16z Crypto research team, Carnegie Mellon University, and Imperial College London, has released new research results called Aerie, aimed at enhancing the aggregation efficiency of post-quantum cryptography signatures. According to the introduction, Aerie is built on the previously launched lattice-based polynomial commitment scheme Akita.On a MacBook Pro equipped with the Apple M4 Max chip, using 16 CPU cores without GPU acceleration, it can aggregate 32,768 Falcon-512 signatures in 0.65 seconds, with peak memory usage of approximately 2.1 GiB. LayerZero states that compared to the previous Orthus scheme, Aerie's proof generation speed has improved by about 1.5 times, verification speed has increased by 38 times, and proof size has been reduced by about 1.7 times. Additionally, Aerie supports the aggregation of ML-DSA signatures standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), with specific performance data to be announced later. This research aims to provide a technical path for achieving low-latency, post-quantum secure consensus on blockchain without the need for dedicated hardware.

The Zcash development team plans to add post-quantum signature support to the network in January. Zakura engineer Roman Akhtariev stated in an engineering blog that the team plans to implement post-quantum signature opcodes in Zcash in January. These opcodes will enable Zcash to verify hash-based signatures, thereby resisting quantum computing attacks. The team has not yet confirmed a specific network activation date. This upgrade aims to prevent attackers from using current public keys to reverse-engineer and forge payment authorizations from wallet owners.The initial phase of this upgrade will protect transparent transactions. Zcash has two payment methods: shielded payments hide the sender, receiver, and amount; transparent payments are similar to Bitcoin, where addresses and amounts are visible on the chain. According to CoinDesk, based on ZecStats data, approximately 11.96 million of the 16.98 million issued ZEC are stored in the transparent pool, accounting for about 70%. The January plan primarily targets this public portion. Additionally, Zakura has developed a private query tool that allows wallets to check balances without exposing associated addresses to the server; the experimental version is available in the "Private queries" settings of the Zcash wallet Vizor.Before the release of Zakura's engineering article, Ethereum researcher Justin Drake warned holders on Thursday to prepare for what he called "bunker mode," stating that in the worst-case scenario, AI could find shortcuts to break the mathematical protections of Bitcoin and Ethereum wallets in "months rather than years."

Binance Wallet announced the launch of real-time detection and risk interception features for high-risk signature scenarios to prevent phishing attacks that exploit the authorization mechanisms of DeFi projects.Binance stated that some attacks only require inducing users to complete offline signatures that do not require gas fees, which could lead to asset theft. In the future, it will continue to expand the scope of risk identification scenarios and security protection coverage.

Vitalik posted on the X platform, expressing the hope to include the recursive STARK memory pool proposal EIP-8288 in the Ethereum I-star upgrade, stating that it can be seen as the next step after Frames.This proposal allows quantum-safe signature data to be placed off-chain, reducing the cost of signatures; the fuel cost for quantum-safe privacy transactions is also expected to drop from about 10 million to tens of thousands. The proposal relies on frames and recursive STARK aggregated transaction dependencies, with nodes sending a STARK of about 100 to 300KB each time period; the on-chain overhead is one STARK and 96 bytes for each statement to be proven.

Vitalik recently updated EIP-8141 "Frame Transaction" proposal, with core improvements including atomic batch execution of up to 64 operations, social recovery (similar to Google account recovery, without the need for a mnemonic phrase), P256 quantum-resistant signatures, and the ability for anyone to pay gas fees for users, significantly enhancing the usability of Ethereum wallets.It is reported that the improvement proposal was co-authored by Vitalik, lightclient, and 10 other experts, and is planned to be included in the 2027 Hegotá upgrade, marking a significant native implementation of Ethereum account abstraction.

According to the official announcement from NEAR Chain Status, the NEAR mainnet version 2.13.0 has been released, introducing post-quantum transaction signature schemes and dynamic sharding features.Voting will begin at 8:00 AM Beijing time on July 20. Former NEAR core developer Vadim introduced that this upgrade includes features that would typically require a ten-year roadmap for most blockchains: the post-quantum signature ML-DSA-65 becomes the third key type in the protocol after ed25519 and secp256k1, allowing accounts to hold keys that cannot be forged by quantum computers, with only a 32-byte hash recorded on-chain; dynamic sharding enables the chain to automatically monitor the status and size of each shard and to split and re-shard at epoch boundaries without the need for protocol upgrades or manual intervention; Gas Keys provide critical functionality for the proxy economy, allowing a single account to run a batch of proxies to send transactions simultaneously without nonce conflicts.

According to CoinDesk, the Stellar Development Foundation has announced a quantum security plan to migrate all XLM accounts to a quantum-resistant signature scheme by the end of 2027, while keeping existing addresses and on-chain transaction history unchanged.The foundation stated that this migration will be completed through protocol layer updates to address the potential cracking risks posed by future quantum computing to existing cryptographic signature algorithms, and to ensure that user accounts do not need to change addresses or rebuild transaction records during the migration process.

Circle released the "Post-Quantum Security White Paper," proposing a phased post-quantum resilience roadmap focused on the long-term security of the Arc blockchain ecosystem.The roadmap covers multiple technical directions, including quantum secure signatures, private execution environments, validator hardening, infrastructure migration, and account recovery, applicable to core components such as the Arc network, USDC, smart contracts, and validators.Circle stated that it plans to provide post-quantum signature support when the Arc mainnet launches (in 2026) to enhance the ecosystem's ability to respond to future quantum computing threats.

According to Slow Fog's Yu Xian monitoring, multiple user wallets of Bankr have been stolen. @bankrbot replied that the incident was a social engineering attack targeting the trust layer between automated agents, specifically involving the interaction between Grok and Bankrbot, which led to unauthorized transaction signatures.

On May 14, BNB Chain released the "BSC Post-Quantum Cryptography Migration Report," stating that it has completed the migration testing for quantum-resistant cryptography for transaction signatures and the consensus layer, using the NIST standardized post-quantum signature algorithm ML-DSA-44 (Dilithium) and the pqSTARK aggregation scheme.The report shows that BSC has replaced transaction signatures from ECDSA to ML-DSA-44 and switched consensus voting aggregation from BLS12-381 to pqSTARK to address the potential threats posed by future quantum computing to the existing elliptic curve cryptography system. However, post-quantum signatures also significantly increase the on-chain data volume: the size of a single transaction has increased from about 110 bytes to approximately 2.5KB; the block size in a 2000 TPS scenario has increased from about 130KB to around 2MB; and the TPS in the testing environment has decreased by about 40%-50%.BSC stated that the current network bottleneck mainly comes from the larger transaction data propagation, rather than the consensus protocol itself. Meanwhile, the consensus layer aggregation still maintains high efficiency, with pqSTARK achieving a signature compression ratio of about 43:1, and the additional burden on validators remains within a controllable range. The report concludes that existing technology can achieve "quantum-resistant" deployment for blockchain, but future issues related to network bandwidth and data scalability still need to be addressed.

The Ethereum Foundation officially launched the Clear Signing open standard on Tuesday, aimed at replacing the unreadable hexadecimal strings displayed when wallet users sign transactions with human-readable transaction content.This standard is centered around ERC-7730. When a wallet supports this standard, it will read the descriptor file of the contract and reconstruct the raw transaction data into understandable content, such as displaying a Uniswap V3 swap as sending 1,000 USDC and receiving at least 0.42 WETH. ERC-8176 adds an integrity certification layer on top of this, allowing auditors to publish signature certification confirming the accuracy of the descriptors. Participants include hardware wallets (Ledger, Trezor), software wallets (MetaMask, WalletConnect), security companies (Cyfrin), and infrastructure (Fireblocks), among others.Blind signing has been a significant cause of losses in crypto assets. The $1.5 billion vulnerability at Bybit in February 2025 and the approximately $235 million WazirX incident both involved signers approving transactions that did not reflect the true intent. Ledger initiated this project in 2021, formalized it as ERC-7730 in 2024, and transferred governance to the foundation earlier this year to ensure the neutrality of the standard. The ERC-7730 V2, released in April 2026, has expanded its coverage to cross-chain use cases, software wallets, and confidential token primitives.

According to Reuters, the Bitcoin Initiative, which aimed to push the Swiss National Bank to include Bitcoin in its reserves, is expected to be terminated due to its failure to obtain the 100,000 signatures required to trigger a referendum.As the 18-month collection period nears its end, the initiative has only gathered about half of the signatures. The Swiss National Bank reiterated that the price volatility of cryptocurrencies and insufficient market liquidity do not meet its foreign exchange reserve requirements. Yves Bennaim, founder of the Bitcoin Initiative, stated that although the initiative will become invalid, related discussions have made some progress.

According to PR Newswire, cryptocurrency payment service provider MoonPay announced the introduction of native hardware signature support for its AI agent tool, MoonPay Agents.Under the new architecture, the AI agents can execute trading strategies on multiple mainstream blockchains such as Ethereum and Solana, but all transactions still require user confirmation through a Ledger device. When the agent discovers cross-chain profit opportunities, it can request the user to sign to bridge USDC from Ethereum to other networks to complete the operation, while the private key never leaves the hardware signing device.

According to Cointelegraph, on Thursday, Aptos announced a proposal to introduce quantum-resistant signatures, AIP-137, aimed at addressing the network's reliance on digital signatures for ownership confirmation, transaction authorization, and overall security.Although existing cryptographic schemes remain secure against traditional computers, researchers warn that one day, sufficiently powerful quantum computers may be able to forge these schemes, potentially retroactively compromising account security. If the proposal passes governance review, AIP-137 will introduce SLH-DSA (a hash-based digital signature scheme standardized as FIPS 205) as an optional account signature type. This will make Aptos one of the earliest blockchains to natively support quantum-resistant accounts. However, existing accounts will remain unaffected, and quantum-resistant accounts will be available for users to choose. Previously, it was reported that Solana would collaborate with Project Eleven to build quantum-resistant signatures.

According to Cryptopolitan, Solana has partnered with quantum computing research company Project Eleven, which will conduct a comprehensive assessment of Solana's quantum resistance capabilities and create quantum-resistant digital signatures on the Solana testnet. Project Eleven has researched the risks to Solana's core infrastructure, including wallets, validators, and other cryptographic protections. The testnet will also examine the feasibility of implementing end-to-end quantum-resistant transactions on Solana.Matt Sorg, Vice President of Technology at the Solana Foundation, stated, "It is our responsibility to ensure that Solana is secure not only today but also for decades to come." Although quantum threats are currently theoretical and the blockchain may not face real threats for another decade or more, quantum research is continuously expanding. Nevertheless, Project Eleven has begun evaluating migration paths, standards, and adoption.

ChainCatcher news, Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino stated that 1,000 signatures have been collected to petition the Lugano city government to repair and restore the damaged Satoshi statue. The statue was unveiled on October 25, 2024, during an event organized in collaboration with Tether and the Lugano "Plan ₿" initiative, designed by artist Valentina Picozzi, taking 21 months to create, symbolizing the anonymity and decentralized spirit of Bitcoin founder Satoshi Nakamoto.On August 2, the statue was vandalized during Switzerland's National Day, dismantled and thrown into Lake Lugano, and was recovered by municipal workers on August 4. Satoshigallery has committed to covering the restoration costs, and the community strongly supports the restoration of this Bitcoin cultural landmark.

ChainCatcher news, according to an update released by the Movement Network Foundation, the foundation currently holds 8.15 billion MOVE. No one from Movement Labs, including those under investigation or suspected of misconduct, is authorized to transfer the foundation's funds. The transfer of funds must receive multi-signature approval from the foundation. Until recent events become clearer, fund management will be subject to stricter scrutiny.

ChainCatcher news, Bitget announced that it will launch Sign (SIGN) on the pre-market trading platform today at 12:00 (UTC+8).Sign is building a global distribution platform for quality services and assets. Signatures is the first product of Sign, allowing users to sign legally binding agreements using their public keys, thereby creating on-chain records of agreed contract terms.

ChainCatcher news, according to Scam Sniffer, a certain RLB holder lost all tokens worth approximately 1 million dollars due to falling victim to a "Uniswap Permit2" phishing signature.

ChainCatcher news, Bitcoin advocate Dennis Porter revealed that Swiss legislator Samuel Kullmann is pushing for a referendum plan to incorporate Bitcoin into the Swiss Constitution. The plan requires collecting 100,000 signatures within 18 months to prompt a vote in the state parliaments regarding Bitcoin's constitutional inclusion. Even if it ultimately fails to pass, the signature collection process will encourage all state parliament members to gain a deeper understanding of Bitcoin. Currently, the proposal has entered the review stage by the Swiss Federal Government.Previous news, Switzerland plans to incorporate Bitcoin into the constitutional system and has now initiated the referendum review process.