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Vitalik's post details the entire technical tree behind the mainline of the confusion protocol (iO)

Vitalik Buterin published an article titled "Obfuscation: building the final boss of cryptography (Part I)", systematically outlining the entire technical tree behind the mainline of the obfuscation protocol (iO). The article points out that obfuscation technology can transform programs into "encrypted programs", allowing computations on plaintext inputs while hiding internal logic. Theoretically, it can achieve "trustless trusted third parties", and when combined with blockchain, it can build nearly trustless voting systems, auction protocols, and various other applications. However, the current iO scheme, while technically polynomial time, incurs enormous practical overhead, with expected runtimes exceeding the lifespan of the universe.The article details the construction process of lattice-based iO, covering the stacking of primitives such as fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), attribute-based encryption (ABE), obfuscated circuits, function encryption, and XiO. Vitalik stated that the field has moved from "impossible" to "provably secure" over the past decade, but there remains a significant gap to practical application. He proposed three future paths: further optimizing the existing lattice-based route, adopting bolder cryptographic assumptions to simplify constructions, or exploring entirely new assumptions that are completely different from lattices, emphasizing that if any direction succeeds, it will largely "solve cryptography", enabling any protocol describable by an ideal trusted third party to be securely implemented.

PhotonPay releases the "2026 Global Business White Paper on Gaming: From Traffic Growth to Revenue Realization"

Focusing on the next-generation global payment operating system driven by stablecoins, PhotonPay today officially released the "2026 Global Game Operation White Paper: From Traffic Growth to Revenue Realization." The report reveals a significant pain point in the industry that is severely eroding the profits of global game publishers: despite the top 100 mobile games worldwide capturing 57% (approximately $46.6 billion) of the mobile market revenue, the extreme fragmentation of backend payment channels is causing a substantial loss of transactions globally, leaving countless overseas game developers in the awkward position of "having revenue but unable to cash out."To address this pain point, PhotonPay has launched a multi-route aggregated payment network that can automatically convert players' local fiat currency payments into compliant on-chain stablecoins at the backend. This solution achieves second-level clearing and real-time settlement in over 200 countries and regions worldwide without altering the players' native payment experience.It is reported that PhotonPay is a stablecoin-driven global financial infrastructure operating system. Designed for modern enterprises and global platforms, PhotonPay empowers businesses to achieve seamless fund collection, exchange, and settlement between fiat currency and stablecoins through a single, compliance-first interface. The service network of PhotonPay covers over 200 countries and regions worldwide and holds relevant financial licenses in core global markets, aiming to reshape the efficiency boundaries of global payroll and global payments in the digital asset era.
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