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Ledger: Criminal gangs spent millions of dollars to carry out hardware implant attacks, which are part of local distribution channel attacks

Ledger released a report on the investigation of hardware implant attacks, stating that a highly organized criminal gang purchased genuine Ledger devices over several months, disassembled them, and implanted custom hidden components to steal users' recovery phrases when initializing the devices. They then resold the devices through Southeast Asian distributor channels.The attackers invested millions of dollars to build infrastructure for collecting recovery phrases, asset transfers, and money laundering, coordinating actions to transfer victims' assets. Ledger emphasized that this incident was not caused by vulnerabilities in the chip, operating system, or servers, but rather a localized distribution channel attack that occurred after the devices left the company's control. Currently, Ledger has requested authorized distributors and resellers in Southeast Asia and Hong Kong to suspend sales and conduct random checks on inventory and retail channel devices, finding no other tampered devices.Additionally, Ledger has requested authorized distributors not to resell any returned devices, even if the packaging is intact; they have also immediately prohibited displaying products on shelves or in display areas, requiring devices to be stored at the back of the store and delivered upon purchase. The company is working with law enforcement and the security community to track the stolen funds and will disclose more technical details in the future.

IMF: The market size of tokenized RWA is approximately 65 billion USD, which may become a new channel for leverage accumulation and liquidity risk

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) released the October "Global Financial Stability Report," which for the first time discusses the tokenized market in a dedicated chapter. The report shows that as of the end of July, the public market size of tokenized Real World Assets (RWA), excluding repos and stablecoins, is approximately $65 billion, with credit accounting for about $30.4 billion, money market funds about $17.5 billion, and stocks about $2.3 billion. The average daily trading volume of tokenized repos over 30 days reached $303 billion.The report states that the issuance of tokenized stocks is highly concentrated, with Ondo Finance and Backed Finance (xStocks) together accounting for over 70%. More than 50% of trades occur outside regular trading hours for U.S. stocks, with about 80% of trade sizes being less than one share, volatility being about 1.5 times that of traditional markets, and liquidity being significantly lower.The IMF believes that while the scale of tokenized assets is small, it may bring efficiency improvements in multiple areas, but it could also create new channels for leverage accumulation and liquidity and maturity mismatches, exacerbating technological and infrastructure risks, with current systemic risks remaining limited. The IMF also pointed out that in the absence of interoperable central bank currencies, stablecoins and tokenized deposits may become the main settlement tools in the tokenized capital market, leading to issuer credit risk and concentration risk.

U.S. Senate Investigation: USDT is a key liquidity channel for Iran's shadow banking, Gulf VASP faces higher sanction risks

A report from the U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (PSI) identifies stablecoins, particularly USDT, as a key liquidity channel supporting Iran's shadow banking system. Licensed virtual asset service providers (VASP) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region face heightened sanctions compliance pressure and need to enhance wallet ownership identification and counterparty assessment.Soham Jethani, a partner at the law firm Septten, stated that merchants settling crypto assets into local fiat currency do not necessarily avoid sanctions risks. Liability may involve designated entities, the provision of funds or economic resources, and asset handling within the transaction chain, potentially arising before the final settlement by banks. Jethani pointed out that the name of the stablecoin or the currency in which it is priced does not determine legal ownership; specific rights depend on contractual arrangements and actual payment processes.Globally circulating stablecoins may also pose secondary sanctions risks, as indirect or historical wallet associations do not automatically constitute violations and must be assessed in conjunction with applicable regulations, transaction participants, and specific facts. In regulated markets like the UAE, licensed exchange wallets are continuously monitored, and related funds can be frozen before consumption settlements, with merchants also required to complete KYC. Regulated VASPs handling deposits and withdrawals bear the responsibility for counterparty and sanctions risk assessment and corresponding controls.

first_img The United States has designated the Russian A7 Network as a transnational criminal organization and plans to cut off its cryptocurrency funding channels

According to Decrypt, the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control has designated the Russian shadow banking network A7 Network as a significant transnational criminal organization, listing its relevant addresses in Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe. The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network has proposed a draft rule that aims to prohibit U.S. institutions from participating in any fund transfers involving the network's "sub-agent companies," covering convertible virtual currencies and not limited to fiat currencies, which is expected to affect approximately 348,000 institutions, including several cryptocurrency exchanges.The proposal is based on six special measures granted by Section 9714 of the Countering Russian Money Laundering Act, ultimately selecting the sixth measure, which is the fund transfer ban. The fifth measure, which restricts correspondent accounts, is considered to have loopholes: research by blockchain intelligence firm TRM Labs shows that A7A5 transactions completely bypass the correspondent banking system, which the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network views as a core aspect of its business model. A7A5 is a ruble-backed token issued by Old Vector, registered in Kyrgyzstan, operating on Tron and Ethereum, with reserves held at the Russian state-owned defense bank Promsvyazbank.The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network stated that between February 2025 and June 2026, over 180 entities handled at least $17.91 billion in A7A5, which historically circulated almost entirely through the sanctioned exchanges Garantex and Grinex, often used as a non-frozen bridge to convert into USDT and then into fiat currency.

Stack BTC plans to acquire a precious metals dealer for £12 million to fund cryptocurrency purchases, and OSL Group has established legal currency payment channels across five countries

According to BBX data, yesterday and in recent days, global listed treasury companies and digital asset trading platforms disclosed the latest developments in strategic mergers and acquisitions and fiat currency clearing infrastructure. The core information is as follows:Stack BTC plans to acquire precious metals dealer Direct Bullion for up to £12 million: Stack BTC, a Bitcoin treasury company under former UK Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng, announced that it has officially signed a non-binding letter of intent to fully acquire the well-known UK precious metals dealer Direct Bullion for up to £12 million (approximately $16 million). The company clearly stated that this acquisition aims to obtain ample and stable cash flow income through the physical precious metals sales business and plans to continuously use all net cash flow generated by this business to increase its Bitcoin holdings in the secondary market.Banking Circle deepens cooperation with OSL Group, adding five major mainstream currency channels: Next-generation financial infrastructure service provider Banking Circle announced further deepened strategic cooperation with Hong Kong-listed stablecoin payment and trading platform OSL Group (00863.HK). Based on the existing euro clearing business between the two parties, Banking Circle has officially added multi-currency payment and clearing channels for five major fiat currencies: Australian Dollar (AUD), British Pound (GBP), Hong Kong Dollar (HKD), Singapore Dollar (SGD), and US Dollar (USD) for OSL, fully supporting OSL in accelerating the expansion of its B2B cross-border payment landscape for global institutional clients.
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