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BTC $67,514.14 -2.24%
ETH $2,026.32 -2.16%
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XRP $1.42 -4.56%
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TRX $0.2795 -0.47%
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ADA $0.2735 -4.22%
BCH $482.33 -6.53%
LINK $8.64 -2.97%
HYPE $28.98 -1.81%
AAVE $122.61 -3.42%
SUI $0.9138 -6.63%
XLM $0.1605 -4.62%
ZEC $260.31 -8.86%

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The United States has reduced tariffs on Indian goods from 50% to 18%, and India has agreed to stop purchasing Russian oil and switch to American oil

The President of the United States, Trump, announced a trade agreement with India. According to the agreement, the U.S. will significantly reduce tariffs on Indian goods from 50% to 18% in exchange for India lowering trade barriers, stopping the purchase of Russian oil, and instead buying oil from the U.S. and possibly Venezuela. Trump stated that Indian Prime Minister Modi has committed to significantly increasing "buying American," including energy, technology, and agricultural products worth over $500 billion.Under the agreement, the U.S. will eliminate the previously imposed 25% punitive tariff on India for purchasing Russian oil. Additionally, Modi stated that this agreement will allow "Make in India" products to enjoy lower tariffs and expressed gratitude to Trump.Analysts believe that this move will align India's tariff levels with those of other Asian countries, helping to eliminate the drag on Indian exports and the rupee exchange rate. The Indian Minister of Trade also stated that this agreement will bring more development opportunities for the Indian economy.It is worth noting that the details of this agreement have not been fully disclosed, including the specific timeline for tariff reductions and the list of U.S. goods that India has committed to purchasing. At the same time, Trump hinted that India might replace some of its Russian oil imports by purchasing oil from Venezuela.

a16z Crypto: The security focus of public chains like BTC and ETH should be on protocols and governance, without blindly switching to quantum-resistant solutions

a16z Crypto published a long article on platform X stating that the timeline for the emergence of quantum computers capable of breaking cryptocurrencies (CRQC) is often exaggerated, and the likelihood of their appearance before 2030 is extremely low. The risk status of different cryptographic primitives varies.Post-quantum encryption needs to be deployed immediately due to the "harvest now, decrypt later" (HNDL) attack. In contrast, post-quantum signatures and zkSNARKs are less susceptible to HNDL attacks; migrating too early could bring risks such as performance overhead, immature implementation, and code vulnerabilities. Therefore, a cautious rather than hasty migration strategy should be adopted.For blockchains, most non-privacy public chains like Bitcoin and Ethereum primarily use digital signatures for transaction authorization, so there is no HNDL risk. The pressure to migrate mainly comes from non-technical challenges such as slow governance, social coordination, and technical logistics.Bitcoin faces unique issues, including its slow governance speed and the existence of millions of quantum-vulnerable tokens worth hundreds of billions of dollars that may be abandoned. In contrast, privacy chains, due to their encryption or concealment of transaction details, do face HNDL attack risks and should transition as soon as possible.a16z Crypto emphasizes that in the coming years, implementation security issues such as code vulnerabilities, side-channel attacks, and fault injection attacks are more urgent and significant security risks compared to the distant threat of quantum computers. Developers should prioritize investment in code audits, fuzz testing, and formal verification.
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