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Vitalik Buterin: AI may weaken cryptography within two years and put ECDSA at risk, suggesting a priority on hash cryptography

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin posted on the X platform, stating that AI-accelerated mathematical research may pose new security threats to existing cryptographic systems, especially lattice-based cryptographic schemes, including ML-DSA and fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). He believes that advancements in AI in the field of mathematics over the next two years could significantly undermine the practical security of lattice cryptography, and ECDSA may face the risk of being compromised sooner than expected.Vitalik pointed out that over the past year, the Ethereum Lean roadmap has gradually shifted towards pure hash cryptographic schemes, avoiding the use of lattice-based signatures and related zero-knowledge proof structures. He suggested prioritizing the use of hash cryptography whenever feasible and adopting more conservative security parameters for lattice cryptography; privacy protocols should avoid storing encrypted information directly on-chain, and multi-signature wallets should prioritize off-chain signature confirmations. Additionally, Vitalik advised users, when operationally convenient, to store funds in addresses that have not initiated transactions to reduce potential risks, but he does not recommend users immediately migrate assets on a large scale. He emphasized that the migration process itself also carries risks, and his own losses due to migration errors have even exceeded the losses from past hacking attacks.

first_img The South Korean Ministry of Economy and Finance signs the OECD Virtual Asset Information Exchange Agreement

ChainCatcher news, the South Korean Ministry of Economy and Finance announced that at the 17th Global Forum of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF MCAA) was officially signed.The CARF MCAA is an institution established by the OECD in 2009, aimed at implementing standards for international tax transparency and the exchange of tax information. A total of 48 countries, including South Korea, Germany, Japan, and France, participated in this agreement. The signatory countries will exchange information on crypto-asset transactions based on the automatic information exchange framework for crypto-assets jointly developed by the OECD and the G20.According to the agreement, the exchange of information between countries will be implemented through separate negotiations among the signatory countries. The Ministry of Economy and Finance plans to amend relevant domestic laws starting in 2027 to facilitate the exchange of information on crypto-asset transactions and promote individual agreements.A relevant official from the Ministry of Economy and Finance stated, "Through this agreement, detailed information on crypto-asset transactions can be obtained, which will help enhance the transparency of the tax base related to crypto-asset income."
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