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Vitalik's post details the entire technical tree behind the mainline of the confusion protocol (iO)

Vitalik Buterin published an article titled "Obfuscation: building the final boss of cryptography (Part I)", systematically outlining the entire technical tree behind the mainline of the obfuscation protocol (iO). The article points out that obfuscation technology can transform programs into "encrypted programs", allowing computations on plaintext inputs while hiding internal logic. Theoretically, it can achieve "trustless trusted third parties", and when combined with blockchain, it can build nearly trustless voting systems, auction protocols, and various other applications. However, the current iO scheme, while technically polynomial time, incurs enormous practical overhead, with expected runtimes exceeding the lifespan of the universe.The article details the construction process of lattice-based iO, covering the stacking of primitives such as fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), attribute-based encryption (ABE), obfuscated circuits, function encryption, and XiO. Vitalik stated that the field has moved from "impossible" to "provably secure" over the past decade, but there remains a significant gap to practical application. He proposed three future paths: further optimizing the existing lattice-based route, adopting bolder cryptographic assumptions to simplify constructions, or exploring entirely new assumptions that are completely different from lattices, emphasizing that if any direction succeeds, it will largely "solve cryptography", enabling any protocol describable by an ideal trusted third party to be securely implemented.

BIT adds Clear Street as a clearing partner, strengthening the infrastructure layout for U.S. stocks

As the scale of the U.S. stock business continues to grow, BIT (formerly Matrixport) has added U.S. institutional-level clearing service provider Clear Street as a partner, marking a higher standard of development in BIT's underlying infrastructure construction for U.S. stocks.BIT's U.S. stock business adopts an Omnibus IB structure, with all orders cleared and custodied by licensed clearing institutions based in the U.S. Currently, BIT has established partnerships with three licensed U.S. institutions: Clear Street, RQD Clearing, and Atomic Vaults Securities (AVS).Among them, Clear Street, supported by approximately $1 billion in financing and a strong capital base, processes about 550 million shares and approximately $28.4 billion in nominal trading volume daily, demonstrating the capability to serve large institutional clients with clearing and execution services. For users, this means that there is stronger institutional-level infrastructure support behind the transactions, resulting in a more stable system that is less prone to interruptions or delays during extreme market conditions, while also helping to provide more ample liquidity support and asset security guarantees.Compared to the industry’s common practice of using a single clearing partner, a multi-institutional parallel clearing structure can effectively disperse operational risks on the platform, enhancing the stability and continuity of transactions.BIT stated that in selecting clearing partners, the platform will continue to assess core indicators such as asset scale, net capital levels, and risk control capabilities to match the asset allocation needs of global users.
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