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The European Union is reviewing MiCA, with related consultations involving the requirement for developers of non-custodial Bitcoin wallets to obtain certification before providing software to the public. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) stated that open-source development, self-custody, automated smart contracts, and permissionless infrastructure should not automatically be considered regulated intermediaries.At the same time, ESMA proposed establishing new regulated services for crypto asset service providers that offer customers access to decentralized protocol services. This review has not changed the current rules, and the European Commission will assess the relevant opinions and submit a review report by June 30, 2027, in accordance with Article 140 of MiCA.

According to X user @0xJohannes, a Ledger hardware wallet purchased from an official dealer in Europe a few weeks ago was found to contain an unauthorized spy implant. The device has suspicious circuitry inside that genuine Ledger hardware does not possess, indicating it may have been physically tampered with before sale.The implant is suspected to be an older version, as newer versions typically hide components behind the screen. Funds in the affected devices have not yet been stolen. Currently, there are suspected case reports in Asia, South America, and Europe. If the original security components remain intact, Ledger's software Genuine Check cannot detect unauthorized physical modifications.

The State Tax Inspectorate of Lithuania has updated the user reporting program for cryptocurrency service providers, clarifying the reporting scope and operational standards through Order VA-63, aligning national regulations with the EU DAC8 and the OECD Crypto Asset Reporting Framework (CARF). The new regulations require regulated cryptocurrency service providers and local crypto operators to enhance customer due diligence, collect user identity, transaction records, and tax residency information, and record customer identification numbers, transaction logs, and account balances. Entities that have completed registration and reporting obligations in other EU member states are exempt from re-reporting in Lithuania.The comprehensive operational reporting across the EU will commence on January 1, 2026, with data collected by the platform in 2027 to be automatically exchanged by member state tax authorities starting mid-2027. The new regulations do not change Lithuania's capital gains tax rate on virtual assets, but relevant institutions must update customer access processes and backend systems. Starting from March 2, certain transactions involving electronic money tokens (EMT) must additionally obtain payment service authorization, including transferring EMT on behalf of customers and operating custodial wallets for third-party transfers; exchanges between EMT and exchanges between EMT and fiat currency do not automatically fall under payment services.

Negotiators from the United States, Ukraine, and Europe held a six-hour meeting in Miami, aiming to reach a consensus on a unified proposal to end the war in Ukraine. The goal is to reach an agreement in the coming weeks to present to Russia, seeking a breakthrough before winter. The discussions covered topics such as post-war plans for Ukraine, security guarantees, economic plans, and the path for Kyiv to join the European Union.

Tesla is downplaying the name Full Self-Driving to seek approval for its driver assistance system in Europe. Tesla has used the name "Tesla Assisted Driving" on its European website, while the U.S. website still refers to it as "Full Self-Driving (Supervised)."

The European Central Bank plans to launch the digital euro in the second half of 2029, with the first applications covering all online stores in the eurozone, some physical retail stores, and personal transfers. The document shows that the digital euro will support both online and offline transactions to accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive digital payment system.

Members of the European Parliament are calling on the European Commission to include corruption risks related to crypto assets, opaque ownership structures, and digital tools in the upcoming anti-corruption strategy. The European Parliament passed a non-binding resolution on Thursday, outlining the policy focus of this strategy.Members also urged for enhanced tracking, freezing, confiscation, and recovery of criminal proceeds, as well as improvements to public procurement, conflict of interest, lobbying, and political financing rules, and stronger protections for whistleblowers and investigative journalists. The European Commission plans to adopt its first anti-corruption strategy by the end of 2026. This strategy will complement the EU anti-corruption directive that came into effect in May, which standardized the definitions of corruption crimes and minimum penalty standards among member states.

U.S. Treasury and Eurozone government bond yields continue to rise, with U.S. borrowing costs nearing decades-high levels. French government bonds are underperforming compared to other Eurozone countries, as investors express concerns about whether France can reduce its fiscal deficit to 5% of GDP by 2027.MainSky Asset Management Chairman Schulte pointed out that French debt is growing at an annual rate of about 8%, and if this continues, the debt-to-GDP ratio could reach 130% by the end of 2027.

Greece is preparing to legislate a 10% tax on capital gains from cryptocurrencies. The draft bill was published on Thursday local time and has entered the public consultation phase, with a submission to parliament expected in November.According to the draft, individuals can be exempt from tax on capital gains from cryptocurrencies up to 500 euros per year, which is approximately 559.95 USD. Greece currently lacks a complete tax legal framework for cryptocurrencies, and officials have stated that it is difficult to accurately estimate the size of the country's cryptocurrency market due to the vast majority of investors using offshore platforms. The government has not made specific predictions regarding the fiscal revenue generated by the new tax.

According to Gate market data, Deutsche Bank strategists stated that the widening bond spreads and rising inflation concerns are putting pressure on risk assets. The STOXX 600 index fell by 1%, the French CAC 40 index fell by 1.22%, and the Italian FTSE MIB index fell by 2.51%, while European bank stocks dropped by 3.38%.The S&P 500 index fell by 0.22%, with industrial and materials stocks down by 2.14% and 1.53%, respectively. The Nasdaq index and the seven tech giants fell by 0.22% and 0.2%, respectively, while the Russell 2000 index dropped by 1.31%.

Insiders revealed that, although the Russia-Ukraine conflict has not yet ended, the United States and Russia have begun discussions to restore natural gas supplies to Europe.

Alibaba Chairman Joe Tsai stated that open-source AI is the best way for Europe to reduce its dependence on American and Chinese technology and to establish technological autonomy. He urged Europe to build its own computing infrastructure for training and running AI models, stating that no country would want to fully trust another country's technology, as a change in government or circumstances could lead to the cutting off of technology supplies.Joe Tsai added that Europe has not fully utilized its AI researchers, as these talents often become targets for recruitment by laboratories in the United States and China. He called on Europe to focus on using proprietary industrial data to train artificial intelligence models for competitive advantage, citing Chinese manufacturing as an example, stating that Chinese factories possess valuable manufacturing data that could be highly valuable for training models. He also expressed optimism about the emergence of new cloud service providers in Europe in recent years, specifically professional cloud computing companies equipped with AI chip data centers.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the European Union discussed the proposal to release crude oil and diesel stockpiles with diplomats and analysts. The Group of Seven agreed last Friday to release 100 million barrels of oil. The wars with Iran and Ukraine have damaged refineries, driving up diesel prices and impacting inflation and the transportation industry.

On Wednesday, the European Union law enforcement agency Europol released two reports urging the industry and policymakers to proactively address the threats posed by quantum computing. One report, titled "Quantum Computing and Cryptocurrency," written by Europol's European Cybercrime Centre, points out that cryptocurrency wallets are "the main exposure point for quantum threats." Wallets rely on private keys for authorized transactions and public keys for verification; a sufficiently powerful quantum computer could derive the private key from an exposed public key, allowing attackers to access funds without authorization, a moment often referred to as Q-Day. The report states that the hash functions used to link blocks and support mining are fundamentally resistant to quantum attacks.The report believes that cryptocurrency will not collapse due to quantum computing but recommends adopting "proactive defenses," including a phased transition to quantum-resistant cryptography and improving wallet security and key management. Wallets with public keys exposed on-chain cannot be remedied afterward, and the report states that the only solution is to migrate in advance. Glassnode estimated in May this year that 6.04 million BTC (30.2% of the issued supply) have exposed public keys. Upgrading Bitcoin also comes with costs: NIST standardized post-quantum signatures are 10 to 120 times larger than the ECDSA signatures currently used in Bitcoin, which could lead to block space overload and increased transaction fees. The report cites a 2024 study estimating that migrating all unspent transaction outputs would require at least 76 days of cumulative downtime.The second report, "Collect First, Decrypt Later," was completed in collaboration with Carlos III University of Madrid in Spain. It studies the behavior of attackers who collect encrypted data today and decrypt it in the future, finding risks in protocols such as TLS, SSH, and OpenPGP.

According to Gate market data, major European stock indices fell, with the German DAX index down 1% during the day, the Euro Stoxx 50 index and the Italian FTSE MIB index down over 1%, the UK FTSE 100 index down 0.35%, and the French CAC 40 index down 0.74%.

According to the Financial Times, the European Union is considering implementing a universal tax measure targeting large enterprises to tax major American technology companies. This move aims to increase revenue for the EU while avoiding a strong backlash from the Trump administration.

European Central Bank Executive Board member Piero Cipollone stated during the MNI Connect Webcast that without a pan-European digital payment solution covering various daily transactions, the fragmentation risk between tokenization platforms may increase, thereby undermining Europe's "resilience and monetary sovereignty." He pointed out that the goal of the European Central Bank should be to create a digital euro that can be exchanged between banks and used for daily transactions.Cipollone emphasized, "Our goal is not to replace the role of banks." He stated that the digital euro will provide banks with the infrastructure needed to compete in the digital age and help banks expand the coverage and application scenarios of their own solutions.According to him, the European Central Bank has not yet decided whether to issue a digital euro but plans to complete the legislative process by the end of 2026. If the project advances, a 12-month pilot program will be launched in the second half of 2027, with a potential official issuance in 2029. The European Central Bank first proposed introducing a digital euro in October 2020 as a complementary digital payment option to cash. Critics argue that the central bank digital currency could give EU officials the means to monitor or even control residents' spending. Cipollone stated in September 2025 that the digital euro will ensure that all Europeans can use a free and widely accepted digital payment method at any time, even in the event of significant disruptions.

According to BitcoinNews, Bringin is launching a corporate banking platform for European businesses, connecting Bitcoin with traditional banking services while supporting corporate self-custody. The platform offers dedicated virtual IBANs, instant SEPA transfers, Bitcoin to Euro exchanges, Lightning Network payments, stablecoin support, and cross-border payments. Businesses can directly purchase Bitcoin into self-custody wallets and use Bitcoin, stablecoins, or Euros to pay employees and suppliers.Bringin also supports integrating payment functionalities into existing systems via API and plans to support AI-oriented MPP and x402 payment protocols; the company plans to expand to the United States, South Africa, the Philippines, Mexico, and India.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen stated that the EU will take measures to address rising energy prices, including launching a strategic dialogue with European refineries and strengthening joint energy procurement. Since the end of February, European natural gas prices have risen by 140%, diesel prices have doubled, and spending on imported fossil fuels has increased by approximately 100 billion euros.

European Central Bank Executive Board Member Fabio Panetta stated that the digital euro will enhance the competitiveness of European banks and is planned for official launch in 2029. The project aims not only to address the shortcomings of the payment system but also to provide a platform for future innovations.The pilot phase will start next year to uphold European monetary sovereignty.