sovereign

According to Xinhua News Agency, Salimi, a member of the Iranian Parliament's presidium, stated that Iran's plan to "exercise sovereign jurisdiction" over the Strait of Hormuz is about to be approved by the parliament and is expected to be passed in the form of permanent legislation.According to the Iranian Students' News Agency, Salimi said that only Iran and Oman have the right to make decisions regarding the management of the Strait of Hormuz. The Iranian side has communicated with Oman, and Oman has also expressed preliminary agreement, with the relevant plan expected to be finalized soon.

Abu Dhabi sovereign wealth fund Mubadala has increased its IBIT holdings to nearly $660 million worth of Bitcoin ETF shares.

According to The Block, sovereign wealth funds, universities, and banks have recently disclosed their 13F holdings reports for the first quarter of 2026. On the sovereign wealth fund side, the Abu Dhabi sovereign wealth fund Mubadala increased its holdings in BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (ticker IBIT), raising its share count from 12,702,323 to 14,721,917, adding over $90 million in holdings, with a total holding value of nearly $660 million. Mubadala's Abu Dhabi Investment Council (ADIC) maintained its IBIT holdings unchanged, holding 8,218,712 shares valued at $315.8 million.Several university endowments reported that their cryptocurrency ETF holdings remained largely stable. Harvard University's endowment reported holding 3,044,612 shares of IBIT, valued at approximately $117 million. This is a 43% decrease from the 5.35 million shares held at the end of 2025, after Harvard had already reduced its holdings by 21% in the fourth quarter. IBIT is no longer its largest holding (overtaken by TSMC, Alphabet, Microsoft, and SPDR Gold Trust). Harvard also completely liquidated its previously established position in BlackRock's Ethereum spot ETF valued at $86.8 million from the previous quarter.Dartmouth College reported holding 201,531 shares of IBIT, valued slightly above $9 million, unchanged from the previous quarter. The college transferred its Ethereum ETF holdings from Grayscale Ethereum Mini Trust to Grayscale's Ethereum Staking ETF, keeping its 178,148 shares unchanged. Dartmouth also disclosed a new holding in Bitwise Solana Staking ETF, holding 304,803 shares, currently valued at nearly $3.67 million. This is the first time an institutional endowment fund has expressed interest in expanding its investment scope beyond Bitcoin or Ethereum into other cryptocurrencies.Meanwhile, Brown University maintained its holdings of 212,500 shares of IBIT, while Emory University simplified its Bitcoin fund holdings from two to one. The school liquidated its 4,450 shares of IBIT while increasing its holdings in Grayscale Bitcoin Mini Trust from slightly over 1 million shares to 1,354,148 shares.Traditional financial institutions are also actively rebalancing positions and hedging. Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) increased its direct holdings in IBIT and enhanced the use of put and call options for hedging. Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) increased its holdings by 214,370 shares of IBIT after liquidating its previously held Trump-related U.S. Bitcoin stocks. Barclays also disclosed its IBIT positions, including approximately 4.46 million shares of spot stock and a significant number of put and call option positions related to the ETF. Hong Kong-based Laurore has reduced its IBIT holdings from 8,786,279 shares to 6,846,279 shares.

According to Cointelegraph, M1X Global, behind the Marshall Islands UBI program, has completed a $3 million angel round of financing, with investors including former Coinbase CTO Balaji Srinivasan and Cumberland Labs CEO Tama Churchouse, among other figures in the crypto industry. The funds will be used to promote the expansion of USDM1 digital sovereign bonds into the institutional market.USDM1 was launched on the Stellar blockchain last December, but the IMF has warned that the project carries financial risks and cybersecurity vulnerabilities, believing that its returns are not proportional to its risks.

According to market news, Abu Dhabi's sovereign wealth fund Mubadala disclosed in its 13F filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission that it held 12,702,323 shares of the BlackRock iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) as of the end of the fourth quarter of 2025, valued at approximately $630.6 million. This position increased by 46% from 8.7 million shares at the end of the third quarter.

At the "Build and Scale in 2026" themed forum recently held by ChainCatcher in Hong Kong, Art Abal, Managing Director of the Vana Foundation, delivered a speech on the topic of "Why Data is Crucial for Building AI." He systematically elaborated on the core value of data as "context" in an AI-driven era, and how users can regain data sovereignty and unlock its potential economic value through decentralized technology.Art Abal pointed out that there is a serious data monopoly issue in the current AI ecosystem. The vast majority of consumers rely solely on a single general-purpose AI assistant and rarely use other major models, leading to the centralization of data and context. Meanwhile, large tech companies have been continuously restricting API access, terminating free services, and planning to charge fees in recent years, effectively depriving users of control over their own data and its contextual value.In response, Vana has proposed a comprehensive solution. First, by developing tools that enable users to truly own their data; second, by establishing protocols to achieve cross-platform portability of data; and finally, by building an ecosystem that encompasses applications, data DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations), and services to unlock the deeper value of data.He concluded that in the AI era, data is context, and context is the key to differentiation. Vana's mission is to return the control of data, context, and its economic value to every user through decentralized protocols and ecosystems, in order to build a more open and fair data value internet.

According to CoinDesk, Norway's sovereign wealth fund, which has a size of $1.8 trillion, has indirectly held 9,573 bitcoins by holding shares in companies such as Strategy, MARA, and Metaplanet. By 2025, its bitcoin exposure is expected to grow by 149% compared to the previous year.

The address associated with the Bhutan Sovereign Wealth Fund Druk Holdings has reduced its holdings by 26,535 ETH in the last 24 hours. As of the time of writing, the health rate of the Aave account for this address is 1.17, currently holding 51,710.6793 stETH, with a loan of 79.75 million USDT still outstanding.

According to Arkham monitoring, before the decline in the cryptocurrency market, the Bhutan sovereign wealth fund transferred approximately 100.818 BTC to QCP Capital, worth about 8.31 million USD.

According to on-chain data, an address associated with Bhutan's sovereign wealth fund Druk Holdings actively sold Ethereum (stETH) during the drop in Ethereum this morning (around 2:30 AM) to avoid leveraged liquidation. Timing-wise, this transaction coincided with Ethereum's brief low point of $2,243.Statistics show that the address sold approximately 25,816 ETH in a short period while repaying a loan on Aave in the form of USDT. As of the time of writing, the health ratio of the address's Aave account is 1.1, and it currently holds 78,245.7949 stETH, with a remaining loan of 137.8 million USDT.

According to The Block, the indirect Bitcoin holdings of Norway's sovereign wealth fund grew by 149% in 2025, reaching 9,573 Bitcoins. This data was provided by K33's research director, Vetle Lunde.According to K33's analysis, by the end of 2025, the indirect Bitcoin exposure of the Norwegian Central Bank Investment Management (NBIM) was valued at $837 million, with 81% coming from its investment strategy.In addition, NBIM also holds shares in related companies such as MARA, Metaplanet, Coinbase, and Block.

Accompanied by Ethereum briefly dropping below $2,800 this morning, the loan health ratio of Bhutan's sovereign wealth fund Druk Holdings' main wallet on Aave briefly fell below 1.2, currently reported at 1.22.The associated address of the Bhutan sovereign wealth fund is leveraging long positions on ETH. As of the time of writing, its address holds a total of 116,560 stETH, with an unrealized loss of about 10% from its purchase cost. This stETH is currently all held in Aave, with the main wallet holding 104,000 stETH and borrowing 200 million USDT.

Vitalik Buterin stated, "The relationship between 'institutions' (governments and corporations) and 'cypherpunks' is very complex, neither natural allies nor natural enemies."The optimal strategy for institutions in the game is to strengthen control within a manageable scope while resisting external intrusions, which also makes them often more concerned about data sovereignty and security issues than ordinary users. In the future, institutions will place greater emphasis on self-managed wallets and staking, which is beneficial for the decentralization of Ethereum; at the same time, KYC and privacy technologies will develop in parallel, and the game surrounding zero-knowledge proofs will exist for a long time. The core task of the Ethereum community is to build tools that protect individual self-sovereignty and freedom while maintaining its stance in cooperation with institutions.

According to market news, Emmett Gallic cited Arkham data stating that addresses associated with the Bhutan sovereign wealth fund Druk Holdings appear to be engaging in leveraged long positions: withdrawing 42,000 ETH and 54 million USDT from Binance, converting USDT to ETH, depositing it into Aave, and borrowing 275 million USDT for further purchases of ETH.Currently, the leveraged position is approximately 117,000 ETH, valued at around 459 million USD.

Ethereum founder Vitalik reiterated the purpose of Ethereum, stating, "The creation of Ethereum is not to make finance more efficient or applications more convenient, but to give people freedom." This is an important and controversial statement from the "Unpermissioned Manifesto" that deserves our re-examination and a better understanding of its meaning. Words like "efficient" and "convenient" imply improving the average situation in an already quite good context. Efficiency refers to allowing the world's best engineers to pour their souls into reducing latency from 473 milliseconds to 368 milliseconds, or increasing the yield from 4.5% APY to 5.3% APY.Convenience means enabling people to register in 20 seconds instead of 1 minute with just one click instead of three. These things may be well done. But we must understand that we can never outplay the corporate players in Silicon Valley in this game.Therefore, the main underlying game that Ethereum must play must be a different game. This game is resilience. Resilience is not about 4.5% APY versus 5.3% APY, but about minimizing your risk of suffering -100% APY. Resilience means that if you become politically unpopular and get banned, or your application developers go bankrupt or disappear, or Cloudflare goes down, or a cyberwar breaks out, your 2000 milliseconds of latency still remains at 2000 milliseconds. Resilience is that anyone, anywhere in the world can access the network and become a top-tier participant.Resilience is sovereignty, in the sense of "digital sovereignty" or "food sovereignty"—actively reducing vulnerability to external dependencies that can be arbitrarily stripped away at any time. This is the game that Ethereum is suited to win. Ethereum must first and foremost be a decentralized, permissionless, and resilient block space—then make it rich.

Vitalik Buterin posted on the X platform that the original intention of Ethereum was not to enhance financial efficiency or application convenience, but to liberate users.Vitalik Buterin (vitalik.eth) pointed out that while efficiency and convenience have value, the core competitiveness of Ethereum lies in resilience. Resilience is not about pursuing higher returns, but about minimizing the risk of losing 100% of assets, ensuring that the network remains stable even in extreme situations such as developer disappearance, platform bans, or network wars.Vitalik Buterin emphasized that resilience is sovereignty, aimed at reducing vulnerability to external dependencies, making users equal participants rather than corporate vassals. The genes of Web2 technology are not suitable for building resilient systems, and the resilience of the financial industry is too one-sided. The primary task of Ethereum is to provide decentralized, permissionless, and resilient block space, and to achieve spatial sufficiency based on this.

Sharplink CEO Joseph Chalom stated that the surge in stablecoins, tokenized RWA, and the growing interest from sovereign wealth funds could drive Ethereum's TVL to grow tenfold by 2026.Joseph Chalom believes that by the end of 2026, the stablecoin market will reach $500 billion. Tokenized RWA will reach $300 billion in 2026, and the managed scale of tokenized assets will grow tenfold, expanding from the tokenization of individual funds, stocks, and bonds to the tokenization of entire fund portfolios. The amount of ETH held by sovereign wealth funds and the scale of tokenization will grow 5-10 times. On-chain AI agents and prediction markets will go mainstream, driving a significant amount of activity on Ethereum.

According to CoinDesk, gold and copper performed exceptionally in 2025, rising 70% and 35% respectively, far surpassing other major assets. Gold broke through $4,450 per ounce, reaching an all-time high and becoming the preferred safe-haven asset. Bitcoin, as the "digital gold" concept, failed to convince Wall Street investors, dropping 6% due to a lack of sovereign procurement support.The market shows a polarization trend: on one hand, betting on AI-driven growth (copper), and on the other hand, worrying about systemic financial risks (gold). The copper-gold ratio hit a 20-year low, indicating that the global economy is in a "fragile expansion" state. Investors are clearly shifting towards tangible assets, reflecting a decline in trust towards fiat currencies and purely liquidity assets dependent on fiat.Despite the regulatory and institutional progress in the blockchain ecosystem in 2025, most large Layer-1 tokens still closed with negative returns or flat, showing a disconnect between network usage and token performance.