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Paranoid developer Ignotus Nemo proposed a recursive aggregation scheme for EIP-8288 on the Ethereum research forum, suggesting support for various approved proof sizes to allow smaller proofs for small-scale aggregation. He implemented heterogeneous recursion in the Paranoid system, which has been running both large and small state transition proofs on the public mainnet.The scheme uses a limited set of authenticated validator libraries, processing cross-class delayed validation through independent accumulator channels for each class to ensure the correctness of matrix claims in the recursive steps. When applying this mechanism to EIP-8288, discussions are needed on how to merge subclass libraries, handle dependencies, and address semantic compatibility issues between program identities and validator classes. EIP-8288 was proposed by Vitalik Buterin and Thomas Coratger in June 2026, primarily addressing the issues of large post-quantum signatures and STARK proof sizes, as well as high on-chain verification costs.

Korean storage substrate manufacturer TLB has started the development of the AI server low-power memory module specification SOCAMM3 substrate with two large domestic and foreign storage manufacturers. According to industry news on the 22nd, TLB recently began negotiating design directions and manufacturing processes with two existing storage customers, with specifications yet to be determined. The storage manufacturers plan to complete the design with the substrate manufacturers before finalizing the specifications, with actual substrate mass production expected in 2028.SOCAMM will make the low-power DRAM for mobile devices into a detachable AI server module, which will be first used by NVIDIA in its own AI servers. SOCAMM2 has developed into a JEDEC standard. Currently, each NVIDIA Vera CPU is equipped with 8 SOCAMM2 based on LPDDR5X, with a maximum capacity of 1.5TB per CPU and a bandwidth of 1.2TB per second. The SOCAMM2 substrate requires five layers, and the number of layers for SOCAMM3 will increase, raising the difficulty of processes such as micro-hole processing. The applicable systems have not been disclosed, and the mass production timeline in 2028 coincides with NVIDIA's roadmap. NVIDIA announced in March this year at GTC that it will launch the Feynman GPU and the new CPU Rosa in 2028.TLB's SOCAMM2 substrate has already entered mass production earlier this year, with production volume and sales in the second quarter increasing more than three times compared to the previous quarter. The production time and unit price are both about twice that of existing module substrates. The industry expects TLB's SOCAMM substrate sales to be around 70 billion Korean won this year, and about 140 billion Korean won next year. Brokers estimate the company's overall revenue this year to be about 350 billion to 370 billion Korean won, a year-on-year increase of about 40%, and around 450 billion Korean won next year. The company will begin construction of its second factory next month in the An Phu Industrial Park in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam, aiming for production in the fourth quarter of next year, but SOCAMM substrates will still only be produced at the headquarters in Ansan in the short term.

GMGN co-founder Haze stated that GMGN's self-developed cross-chain bridge is currently undergoing a small-scale rollout test, focusing on ensuring the speed, security, and stability of transactions.Haze mentioned that after this feature goes live, users will be able to directly use USDC within the GMGN App to purchase tokens on multiple blockchains.

The U.S. Department of Commerce will allocate up to $389 million to support chip research and development.

The National Development and Reform Commission has released a new version of the "Regulations on Foreign Investment Management," which better ensures the development and security of foreign investment from an institutional perspective. The regulations consist of 76 articles, divided into six chapters: General Principles, Guidance and Services for Foreign Investment, Supervision of Foreign Investment, Protection of Foreign Investment, Legal Responsibilities, and Supplementary Provisions.The regulations will take effect on December 1, 2026, at which point the "Regulations on Overseas Investment Management" issued in 2017 will be simultaneously abolished. The state supports investors in conducting foreign investment activities based on market principles and actively participating in international cooperation and competition. Investors enjoy the autonomy of foreign investment according to the law, making independent decisions, bearing risks independently, and being responsible for their own profits and losses.

According to the Ethereum Distributed Validator Technology (DVT) protocol SSV Network governance forum, SSV Labs submitted the DIP-59 proposal on October 21. The proposal states that due to the current market environment and the financial situation of the DAO, funding for work has narrowed compared to previous years and original plans. It intends to significantly reduce the original development roadmap, shifting the focus from new product development to network maintenance, security, and Ethereum upgrade adaptation.The proposal also intends to revise and extend the arrangements related to DIP-31, with the service period extended to the end of June 2027, and it involves subsequent phased arrangements. The proposal disclosed that the third and final grant of 1,736,111.11 SSV stipulated in DIP-31 has not yet been paid.

The co-founder and Chief Operating Officer Alon of the meme coin issuance platform Pump.fun stated that the team had previously focused on launch pads for a long time and only began supporting cross-chain exchanges about 5 months ago. After investigating the cross-chain service provider Relay used at that time, he noted that over one-ninth of cross-chain purchases on Relay encountered errors, with typical purchase landing times close to 4 seconds, and one-tenth exceeding 7 seconds. The number of tokens users received was usually less than expected. He also mentioned that the social trading application FOMO still relies on Relay.Alon stated that the self-developed cross-chain bridge Pump Bridge has been opened to all Pump.fun application users. Compared to Relay, the purchase landing speed has improved by 2 times, and the error rate has decreased by 92%, dropping from over one-ninth to less than one percent. Users can obtain more tokens on average with the same amount of funds, and currently, no additional cross-chain fees are charged. He mentioned that due to the limitations of light speed and target chain confirmation time, the theoretical fastest landing time for purchases is about 1.1 seconds, and the team is still working to reduce the remaining gap.The above comparison comes from random tests conducted in the Pump.fun mobile application from September 28 to October 7, covering Robinhood, BSC, Base, Arc, and Ink, excluding Ethereum, with a total of 416,669 transaction results recorded. Among them, 383,326 transactions recorded the time taken from click to successful prompt, and an additional 35,333 transactions of completed USDC purchases under $500 were used for comparison. Alon also stated that the platform fee rate is 0.45%, with Callout rewards of at least $300,000 daily, totaling about $20 million over two months, and the platform does not retain platform fees.

Decentralized exchange Aerodrome Finance (AERO) and Velodrome announced their official merger, launching the on-chain spot exchange Aero, deployed on seven networks: Ethereum mainnet, Base, Robinhood Chain, Ink, OP Mainnet, Arc, and Arbitrum, aiming to integrate the existing businesses of the two DEXs into a unified platform. The exchange is developed by Dromos Labs.According to a statement released on Wednesday, Aerodrome accounted for 58% of DEX trading volume on Base in the third quarter, while Velodrome accounted for 60% on OP Mainnet, with Aerodrome leading all DEXs in Bitcoin-USD trading volume during the same period. The new exchange extends this model to seven networks, which collectively handle approximately $120 billion in DEX trading each month. Alex Cutler, founder and CEO of Dromos Labs, stated that Aerodrome and Velodrome prevailed because the model is more beneficial to users, bringing Aero to the largest market on-chain, with 100% of the revenue generated returned to users staking AERO.As part of the merger, existing AERO and VELO tokens will migrate to the new AERO token, with veAERO and veVELO converting to sAERO. Aero introduces a new economic system, with the core feature Predictive Allocation allowing participants to stake AERO and direct liquidity reward budgets to markets expected to generate returns. Additionally, Aero launches Metaswaps, connecting cross-network transactions using existing on-chain liquidity; the Slipstream V3 upgrade introduces a dynamic fee mechanism that increases fees during rapid market fluctuations and captures MEV on supported Layer 2 networks.

Meta Platforms (META.O) CEO Mark Zuckerberg stated that the company is developing a new generation of small models, expected to be launched soon, to achieve Muse Wonder level intelligence with higher efficiency.

Italian telecommunications company TIM will collaborate with NVIDIA to provide advanced capabilities for the development and deployment of artificial intelligence applications.

Oracle announced the launch of Oracle AI Agent Studio for Industry Applications, a low-code and no-code AI agent development platform aimed at industry business processes, supporting the creation, testing, orchestration, deployment, and management of agents.This platform is based on the existing Oracle AI Agent Studio for Fusion Applications, allowing customers and partners to build and customize AI agents using existing application data, tools, and business processes, and embed them into daily workflows to reduce manual operations and enhance productivity.

According to Sifted, the Dutch startup Photon Bridge announced the completion of a €10 million seed round financing. The company is developing laser technology that can be used for internal connections of AI chips in data centers, aiming to enhance inter-chip connectivity performance.The company claims that its laser technology can be manufactured at scale to meet the rapidly growing demand for AI infrastructure.

OpenAI announced the acquisition of San Francisco startup Orchestra Bio, which has developed AI agents to help pharmaceutical companies track the progress of drug development projects. Orchestra's team and platform will be integrated into OpenAI's life sciences product line Rosalind, aimed at biologists and chemists, with the transaction amount undisclosed. Orchestra was founded in the fall of 2022, with seed funding from Andreessen Horowitz, Definition Capital, Insight Partners, and 8VC, raising a total of approximately $20 million.According to OpenAI, a new drug can take up to 15 years from initial conception to approval in the United States, and the cost of bringing a single approved drug to market can exceed $2.6 billion, with less than 10% of candidate drugs entering human trials ultimately reaching the market. Orchestra's AI agents can automatically monitor tasks and flag issues, analyze how setbacks like production batch failures affect the overall development project, compile relevant information, and compare response strategies, ultimately allowing scientists and project leaders to make decisions.This acquisition follows competitor Anthropic's acquisition of Coefficient Bio for approximately $400 million in April, reflecting the competition among AI labs for new drug development workflows. In April, OpenAI launched the model GPT-Rosalind specifically designed for biology and drug discovery, available only to vetted U.S. corporate clients such as Amgen and Moderna, with the accompanying product Rosalind Workbench connecting the model to research tools and data.

Elon Musk stated that the bottleneck in the development of artificial intelligence lies more in power, cooling, and infrastructure, rather than in chips.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman introduced three proposals for the safe development of super AI to employees last week. The first is to establish a global regulatory organization similar to the International Atomic Energy Agency, to inspect advanced models and audit safety measures. Insiders say Altman leans towards this route.The second proposal emulates the European Organization for Nuclear Research, merging major AI laboratories into one organization or collaborating through a unified agency for joint development, rather than continuing to race against each other. The third and most extreme, which he referred to as the "Eliezer Plan": an AI company achieves recursive self-improvement first, and then uses overwhelming economic power to control computing power, making it impossible for other developers to catch up. Altman described this idea as "melting down all other companies' GPUs," while stating that this plan is very bad and is only meant to illustrate the extreme possibility.The idea of "melting down GPUs" comes from AI safety researcher Eliezer Yudkowsky. He proposed a thought experiment in 2021, suggesting that super AI could create self-replicating nanomachines to melt down global GPUs, stating that this is merely an extreme example to illustrate the intensity of intervention, not a proposal to be executed. OpenAI proposed the establishment of an "AI version of the International Atomic Energy Agency" in 2023, and Google DeepMind head Hassabis has also advocated for the creation of an "AI version of CERN." Currently, OpenAI, Google, and Anthropic plan to establish a joint safety standards organization by the end of this year or early next year, but there are disagreements over the responsibility for model safety testing. Altman hopes to set speed limits for AI development while stating that OpenAI cannot currently cede its competitive advantage to rivals.

According to The Information, DeepSeek is collaborating closely with Huawei to jointly design the next generation of AI chips, aiming to build models that do not rely on NVIDIA's computing power. Insiders revealed that Huawei engineers have entered DeepSeek's office to understand its model architecture and algorithm requirements, and to test how the chips handle data transmission and compression, with the first compatible chip targeting Ascend 950DT.The report pointed out that this move comes as China pushes to reduce its dependence on American chips. Limited by TSMC's foundry services and U.S. export controls, Huawei's Ascend 950DT is planned for release in 2027, but mass production may be delayed until 2028. To address the chip shortage, DeepSeek is using the TileLang programming language to bypass CUDA restrictions, while still attempting to acquire the banned NVIDIA Blackwell chips through third-party data centers. In addition, DeepSeek is forming a chip team and has begun testing clusters with over 1,000 processors.

Financial Associated Press, October 20 - Amazon launched the open-source tool TorchNeuron on the 19th local time, aiming to lower the barrier for developers to transition from NVIDIA chips to its self-developed chips, challenging NVIDIA's software barrier built on CUDA. According to reports, this tool allows AI code written in PyTorch to run on Amazon's self-developed AI chips without the need for rewriting. PyTorch is maintained primarily by Meta and is described as an open-source framework used by most AI developers.Amazon's chip design department, Annapurna Labs, introduced that with TorchNeuron, developers only need to modify one configuration to run the same code on the self-developed Trainium chip. Amazon announced the launch of this tool on the 19th local time and plans to publicly release it in a free open-source format at the PyTorch conference in San Jose, California on the 20th.Colin Brace, Vice President of Software at Annapurna Labs, stated in an interview that the launch of TorchNeuron is intended to reduce the steps required for developers to try Amazon's self-developed chips, starting from the customers' existing workflows. He revealed that over 30 early customers are already using it, covering fields such as robotics, world models, and voice AI, and mentioned that switching to Amazon chips can save costs.

According to CoinDesk, Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson stated that he is personally developing a new programming language for the Cardano network and collaborating with Input Output Global engineer Lucas Rosa. Lucas Rosa is a co-creator of Aiken, one of Cardano's main smart contract languages. Hoskinson posted on the X platform that this will be the first programming language to combine user transaction completion intentions with cryptographic proofs.It is reported that the language will support three tools: transaction intent, data with carry proofs, and Groth16 proofs. Transaction intent allows users to specify the goals they want to achieve, while leaving the specific steps to the application, for example, traders can request that a token be exchanged for another only when the final price meets certain conditions, without specifying the exact path.Data with carry proofs can attach cryptographic evidence to information, proving that it complies with specific rules, allowing other applications to verify without recalculating. Groth16 is a widely used proof system that can generate small-sized, fast-verifying proofs, demonstrating that conditions have been met without exposing private data.With the combination of the three, developers can build applications that coordinate transactions, check complex conditions, and pass verified information between services, ultimately verified by Cardano with a small proof. Currently, Cardano developers mainly use Haskell-based Plutus and Aiken to write smart contracts, while Input Output Global, founded by Hoskinson, has its own privacy blockchain Midnight with its language Compact. The name, public code, and release date of this new language have not yet been announced.